A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

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Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 73 of 151 12/8/2017 Verb: interessiert Predicate (a prepositional phrase): an die Musik Which is modified by an adverb: immer This highlights a fundamental reading skill: how to mentally re-order German phrases so that they make sense to you in English. The various verb tenses covered in this unit all require you to look for a participle as marking the end of a phrase, and then to work backwards from that participle in order to find the object or predicate of the phrase. In the two examples above, see the pattern of word-order shifts between the German and English renditions of the participial phrases. You will find this re-ordering skill useful throughout this course. Try solving this more complex example yourself: Sein Handy in der linken Hand noch am Ohr haltend, reicht mir Thomas seine rechte Hand. Diagram of the participial phrase: Verb: haltend Object: sein Handy Prepositional phrase: in der linken Hand Prepositional phrase: am Ohr Which is modified by an adverb: noch Unit: 7: Perfect tenses and participles 8. Irregularities in the Comparative and Superlative WORD FORMATION These sections of the textbook help improve your speed during the skimming phase of reading and help you gradually build vocabulary. Like English, German has some irregular forms of the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs. Consider the irregular forms “good,” “better,” “best,” compared to the regular forms “red,” “redder,” “reddest.” (See Unit 6.) The most common of the adjectives and adverbs with irregular forms are:
Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 74 of 151 12/8/2017 ROOT COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE gern (gladly) lieber (preferably) am liebsten (to like most of all) gut (good) besser best-, am besten hoch or hoh– (high) höher höchst-, am höchsten nah (near) näher nächst-, am nächsten (next, nearest) oft (often) öfter häufigst-, am häufigsten viel (much) mehr meist-, am meisten Unit: 8: Werden, relative clauses 1. Objectives In this unit you will learn how to: Identify whether werden is being used in its root meaning or as a future-tense indicator. Identify and translate sentences using future or future-perfect tenses. Identify and translate probability statements. Identify and translate relative clauses. Unit: 8: Werden, relative clauses 2. The Verb Werden This verb is one of the most important verbs in the German language to master because it has a range of quite different uses and meanings. Three are covered in this unit, another (passive voice) in the next unit, and another in Unit 15 (subjunctive). So it is important for you to practice distinguishing the different usages. When used by itself as a simple, “full” verb, werden means “to become,” “to turn into,” or in colloquial English, “to get,” as in: Wir werden nicht älter, wir werden nur besser. We don’t get older, we just get better.
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A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

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