A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 29 of 151 12/8/2017 Note that your cue for this special meaning is that diese and jener in the second sentence do not "belong to" – or modify – a noun. They are standing alone. Normally you expect a noun (possibly with that noun’s other modifiers) to follow any der-word. Unit: 3: Articles, simple past 3. Ein– words (including possessive pronouns) These are the words similar to the indefinite article in the way they take or do not take endings. They are: mein dein sein ihr unser euer Ihr kein my your (singular and familiar) his / its her / its / their our your (plural and familiar) your (formal) not a, no, not any Using mein as our example ein-word our chart looks as follows (compare with the indefinite article chart in Unit 2): MASCULINE FEMININE NEUTER PLURAL NOMINATIVE mein meine mein meine ACCUSATIVE meinen meine mein meine DATIVE meinem meiner meinem meinen (Noun + n) GENITIVE meines meiner meines meiner (Noun + s/es) (Noun + s/es)
Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 30 of 151 12/8/2017 Points to remember: 1. Ein– words with no endings are always either nominative singular or accusative singular. 2. The ending –em on both ein– words and der– words is unique to dative singular. 3. The ending –es with the noun adding an –s or –es is unique to genitive singular. 4. When euer has an ending, the stem changes to eur-. Examples: Euer Kind bekommt gute Noten. Your child gets good grades. Eure Freunde kommen bald. Your friends are coming soon. 5. Because German nouns are gendered, pronouns referring to them are also gendered. Review Unit 1, section 5, note "b)" and keep in mind that sein/ihr references might best be translated as "its." Take the memorization advice from Unit 2 and expand your memorization task to include possessive pronouns. You should be noticing that the possessive pronouns, too, fit the general German spelling patterns for gender, case, and number distinctions. Unit: 3: Articles, simple past 4. Simple Past Tense of Verbs Keep in mind that English’s past-tense complexity leaves you with a choice of various English ways to translate German’s straightforward past tense. Given ich hatte, you will need to consider context in order to choose from: “I had,” “I was having,” or “I did have.” In any case, German past tense always indicates that the action or status is completed and done. Regular Verbs Most English verbs form their past tense by adding the suffix –ed (example: played), and German regular verbs behave similarly, by adding the suffix –t– (or, when pronounceability requires it, –et-). However, unlike English verbs, which lose their person/number verb suffixes in past tense (example: I played, she played)
Page 2 and 3: Offline Textbook | A Foundation Cou
Page 80 and 81:
Offline Textbook | A Foundation Cou
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152:
show all

A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?