A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

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Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 25 of 151 12/8/2017 EXAMPLE VERBS INFINITIVE > 3RD PERSON SING. geben > gibt stehlen > stiehlt halten > hält laufen > läuft VOWEL CHANGE e > i e > ie a > ä au > äu A list of the most common irregular verbs (strong verbs) is included in most dictionaries and grammar books. You do not have to memorize all the verb changes for reading purposes. The present tense singular, both second and third person, of these verbs will still carry the endings described above for weak verbs, ending in –st or –t. There is one notable exception: the modal verbs, which are covered in Unit 10, and the verb wissen (to know a fact). The latter is conjugated in the present tense as: PERSON SINGULAR PLURAL 1ST ich weiß wir wissen 2ND du weißt ihr wißt 3RD er/sie/es weiß sie/Sie wissen Unit: 2: Cases, present tense 7. More Question Words The genitive and dative forms of wer (who) are wessen (genitive: “whose”) and wem (dative: “to/for whom”). Examples: Wessen Hund ist das? Whose dog is that? Wem gehört der Hund? To whom does the dog belong? Unit: 2: Cases, present tense
Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 26 of 151 12/8/2017 8. “es gibt” and “man“ es gibt es gibt = “there is” and “there are.” Example: Es gibt jetzt zwei Zeitungen in Darmstadt. There are now two newspapers in Darmstadt. man The pronoun man can be translated directly as “people,” “they,” and “one”. Man sagt, es regnet. They (people) say it is raining. Sometimes it makes more sense in English to use an even more abstract way to translate man, by using English passive voice. For example: In schlechten Zeiten kürzt man die Budgets. In bad times, budgets are reduced. Keep in mind that the essential meaning of man is that the speaker cannot or does not want to specify a subject for the sentence’s main verb. The next two examples contrast a situation calling for direct translation with one requiring a more abstract translation: Wie sagt man “Hund” auf Englisch? How does one say “Hund” in English? Man sagt, daß Deutsche pünktlich sind. It is said that Germans are punctual. Unit: 2: Cases, present tense 9. Adjectival Nouns WORD FORMATION These sections of the textbook help improve your speed during the skimming phase of reading and gradually build vocabulary.
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A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

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