A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

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Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 47 of 151 12/8/2017 she pondered his early poems in the journal,” or, equivalently: “She meditated for a long time on his early poems in the magazine.” Handy tip: Sometimes the object of a preposition is a noun that itself has further genitive-case nouns modifying it. The above rule still holds: all of the genitive-case nouns tied to the actual prepositional object are still just modifiers of that object, so they also belong inside of the prepositional phrase. Example: Hegels Vorlesungen über die Philosophie der Geschichte Object: die Philosophie, which is modified by der Geschichte Hegel’s lectures on the philosophy of history Now play the Syntax Untangler activity with prepositional phrases to practice this skill. (Link opens in a new window.) Word Order Exceptions Notable exceptions to the “pre“-position placement of prepositions are – in certain situations – the prepositions entlang (along), gegenüber (opposite), gemäß (according to), and in even rarer cases nach (according to), and wegen (on account of / because of). Examples: Er läuft die Straße entlang. He runs along the street. Diese Familie wohnt dem Hotel gegenüber. This family lives opposite the hotel. Meiner Meinung nach ist diese Aufgabe schwierig. In my opinion this exercise is difficult. Des Wetters wegen bleiben sie zu Hause. Because of the weather, they are staying at home. The reliability of prepositional phrases as inviolable units of meaning still applies in these cases, too. The boldface above demonstrates where the prepositional phrases begin and end. Unit: 5: Prepositions, reflexives
Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 48 of 151 12/8/2017 4. Prepositional Cases Cases German prepositions govern different cases. That is, the phrase that follows them will be in either the accusative case, the dative case, or the genitive case. Memorizing which case each preposition governs is not critical for reading comprehension, but you should be aware that articles, pronouns, and adjectives will change form after the preposition. If you wish to know which case(s) a preposition governs, refer to your dictionary. Rarely, you may encounter situations where case does matter for reading comprehension. The meaning of a certain group of prepositions – the so-called "two-way prepositions" (an, auf, hinter, neben, in, über, unter, vor and zwischen) – changes subtly depending on whether the accusative or dative case is used after them. If you see accusative case, then a changing condition is being described. If dative case, then a static, unchanging condition. Normally the rest of the sentence will clarify the preposition’s meaning for you, but in a few circumstances, mainly relating to physical movement or location, you may be left unsure, and you will need to consider the case as useful information. For example: Er geht in das Haus. He walks into the house. Note the accusative case. Here a change is being described, from "not in the house" (before) to "in the house" (afterwards). Compare to: Er geht in dem Haus. He is walking, in the house. Note the dative case. Here there is no change regarding the state of being "in the house." In English we don’t have this clarity, so you may need to take extra care to communicate this in your translation. The second sentence could also be translated as: "He is in the house, walking," or, using parentheses to acknowledge that we’re embellishing the sentence: "He walks (around) in the house." Unit: 5: Prepositions, reflexives 5. Reflexive Pronouns
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A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

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