A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 129 of 151 12/8/2017 The imperative mood is used in forming commands, and can be recognized based on unusual word order, unusual verb forms, and / or an exclamation point at the end of the sentence. The verb will appear at the beginning of the sentence (as do English imperatives). In the second person singular (du-form), an –e is added to the stem of regular verbs as follows, although this –e may be omitted: Bring mir den Salz! [or:] Bringe mir den Salz! Bring me the salt! If the stem of the verb ends in a –d or a –t, the final –e is never omitted. Verbs featuring a vowel change from an e to an i in the stem retain this change in the imperative, and omit the final –e. Second person plural (ihr-form) imperatives retain their present-tense forms. The formal Sie-form also is identical with the present tense, but Sie-imperatives include this pronoun immediately after the verb. Separable-prefix verbs retain the separation of stem and prefix. Study the following examples: Finde mir meinen Hut! Find me my hat! Gib mir das Buch! Give me the book! Singt bitte lauter, Kinder! Please sing louder, children! Sprechen Sie bitte langsamer, Herr Schmidt. Please speak more slowly, Mr. Schmidt. Mach(e) das Fenster zu, Wolfgang! Close the window, Wolfgang! The verb sein is irregular in the imperative form, as the following commands indicate: Sei nicht so hastig, Wolfgang! Don’t be so hasty, Wolfgang! Seid nicht nervös, Kinder! Don’t be nervous, children!
Offline Textbook | A Foundation Course in Reading German https://courses.dcs.wisc.edu/wp/readinggerman/print-entire-textbook/ Page 130 of 151 12/8/2017 Seien Sie ein bißchen rücksichtsvoller, Herr Schmidt. Be a bit more considerate, Mr. Schmidt. The first-person plural (“we”) imperative in German is simpler than its English counterpart. It corresponds to English statements beginning with “Let’s . . .”: Lesen wir die Zeitung! Let’s read the newspaper! Fahren wir im Sommer nach Kalifornien! Let’s drive to California this summer! Unit: 16: Finishing touches 6. Reflexive Constructions as Substitutes for the Passive Voice Certain reflexive forms may serve as substitutes for the passive voice. They may often be translated with the words “can be,” although there are also other possible translations: Dieses Buch liest sich leicht. This book can be read easily. [or:] This book is easy to read. Dieser Satz übersetzt sich nicht! This sentence cannot be translated. [or:] This sentence is untranslatable! You may find the Review Units 13-16 exercise more valuable now or as a later review opportunity. Unit: Reference 1. Cardinal Numbers 0 null
Page 2 and 3:
Offline Textbook | A Foundation Cou
Page 4 and 5:
Page 6 and 7:
Page 8 and 9:
Page 10 and 11:
Page 12 and 13:
Page 14 and 15:
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
Page 52 and 53:
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81: Offline Textbook | A Foundation Cou
Page 152: Offline Textbook | A Foundation Cou
show all

A Foundation Course in Reading German, 2017a

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?