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the abbreviated reign of “neon” leon spinks

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OOPS 6<br />

Noyes had given his follower permission to publish <strong>the</strong> letter, and<br />

its subsequent appearance in a Perfectionist publication set Noyes on an<br />

irreversible course. Having publicly declared his belief in <strong>the</strong> free exchange<br />

<strong>of</strong> marriage partners, he became openly dedicated to <strong>the</strong> proposition.<br />

While that made it tough for his less radical disciples to publicly<br />

support him, a different kind <strong>of</strong> flock began to ga<strong>the</strong>r, including a reasonably<br />

wealthy and generous woman named Harriet A. Holton who credited<br />

a previous Noyes article with saving her from sin. She began sending<br />

money to support his ministry, and in 1838, Noyes proposed marriage in<br />

a letter that read like a tomcat’s prenup. It emphasized, in no uncertain<br />

terms, <strong>the</strong> sexually open nature <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> relationship he envisioned.<br />

Holton accepted, and for nearly a decade she and Noyes worked<br />

toge<strong>the</strong>r to build a following among <strong>the</strong> native Vermonters. Things went<br />

pretty well until 1846—<strong>the</strong> year after <strong>the</strong>y moved Noyes’s ideas about<br />

“complex marriage” from <strong>the</strong>ory to practice.<br />

Heaven on Earth, but with a Catch<br />

Call him what you will, but John Humphrey Noyes was without<br />

question a great communicator. After he and his followers were run out <strong>of</strong><br />

Vermont and relocated to Oneida, he continued to articulate his Perfectionist<br />

principles and share his ideas in nightly “home talks” and in published<br />

newsletters and <strong>the</strong>ological tracts.<br />

And while <strong>the</strong> brand <strong>of</strong> Perfectionism he preached <strong>of</strong>fered a broad<br />

and holistic approach to living, emphasizing both <strong>the</strong> pursuit <strong>of</strong> individual<br />

perfection and communal good, even a casual reading <strong>of</strong> Noyes’s public<br />

writings and comments suggests that he spent a lot <strong>of</strong> time thinking about<br />

sex, <strong>of</strong>ten with <strong>the</strong> same obsessive focus on “precious bodily fl uids” that<br />

<strong>the</strong> fictional General Buck Turgidson displayed in <strong>the</strong> fi lm Dr. Strangelove<br />

more than a century later.<br />

According to Louis J. Kern, author <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> book An Ordered Love:<br />

Sex Roles and Sexuality in Victorian Utopias—<strong>the</strong> Shakers, <strong>the</strong> Mormons,<br />

and <strong>the</strong> Oneida Community, Noyes considered <strong>the</strong> term “spirit” analogous

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