the abbreviated reign of “neon” leon spinks
the abbreviated reign of “neon” leon spinks
the abbreviated reign of “neon” leon spinks
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BEWARE THE PROFITING PROPHET 197<br />
Statue <strong>of</strong> Liberty, half buried in sand. But at <strong>the</strong> time, to very many peo-<br />
ple, it seemed terrifyingly real.<br />
And to more than a few, it also seemed like a sign from above. “The<br />
Big Party is coming to an end,” millennium disaster prognosticator Don<br />
Boys warned in his 1999 book Y2K. “Man has gotten too big for his<br />
britches, and God is going to bring him down.” Steve Farrar, author <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
1999 book Spiritual Survival During <strong>the</strong> Y2K Crisis, wrote that <strong>the</strong> more<br />
research he did on <strong>the</strong> impending technological disaster, “<strong>the</strong> more I saw<br />
<strong>the</strong> fingerprints <strong>of</strong> God.”<br />
Or ra<strong>the</strong>r, perhaps <strong>the</strong>y were <strong>the</strong> fingerprints <strong>of</strong> economist Adam<br />
Smith’s “invisible hand.” In <strong>the</strong> latter part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 1990s, stirring up<br />
such nightmares—and providing protection from <strong>the</strong> technological<br />
bogeyman—became a growth industry, putting many millions <strong>of</strong> dollars<br />
in <strong>the</strong> pockets <strong>of</strong> computer programmers, and spawning thousands <strong>of</strong><br />
books, videos, and o<strong>the</strong>r products, and even real estate developments.<br />
“Terminal Screens, Dark as a Villain’s Heart”<br />
Over <strong>the</strong> years, humans have imagined myriad potential causes for<br />
<strong>the</strong> destruction <strong>of</strong> civilization, including divine retribution, a collision<br />
with a comet, nuclear war, a viral epidemic, climate change, and annihilation<br />
by space aliens. Compared to most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se exotic doomsday scenarios,<br />
<strong>the</strong> Y2K s<strong>of</strong>tware bug was utterly banal.<br />
When computers became widespread in <strong>the</strong> 1950s and 1960s, <strong>the</strong>y<br />
used punch cards ra<strong>the</strong>r than magnetic hard drives to store programs and<br />
data. To save space on <strong>the</strong> cards, programmers came up with an ingenious<br />
solution. They wrote programs that had computers recognize years as<br />
two-digit numbers, ra<strong>the</strong>r than as four-digit numbers. As early as 1960,<br />
computer pioneer Bob Bemer, <strong>the</strong> fa<strong>the</strong>r <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ASCII coding system for<br />
text (and also <strong>the</strong> man responsible for <strong>the</strong> escape key) pointed out that <strong>the</strong><br />
two-digit date had a drawback. If dates had only two digits, when <strong>the</strong> 21st<br />
century eventually rolled around, computers would mistake 01-01-00 for