Design and Simulation of Two Stroke Engines

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Design and Simulation ofTwo-Stroke Engines Hence, Then, o dx Since the process is regarded as isentropic, _P_ Po _p_ vPoy JU(1+^V T Po 3x. Partial differentiaton of this latter expression gives: dp dx f = -7Po 3x> -Y-l ^2 a z L 3x 2 (A2.1.1) (A2.1.2) (A2.1.3) The accelerating force applied to the gas element in the duct of unity area, A, at time, t, is: P~ p + —dx I 3x or ^Adx The mass in the element is PoAdx from Eq. A2.1.1 and from Newton's Laws where force equals mass times acceleration: —-Adx = pnAdx—~- 3x ° 3t 2 Eliminating the area A and substituting from Eq. A2.1.4 gives: ax 7Po.ri+3L > -7-1 a n2 z L a z L Po ax ax 2 " at 2 As the reference acoustic velocity, ao, can be stated as: 198 V Po (A2.1.4) (A2.1.5)
Chapter 2 - Gas Flow through Two-Stroke Engines and replacing the distance from the origin as y, i.e., replacing (x+L), then Eq. A2.1.5 becomes: a o ( dy V Y_1 3 2 y 9 2 y 3x. dx z at" (A2.1.6) This is the fundamental thermodynamic equation and the remainder of the solution is merely mathematical "juggling" to effect a solution. This is carried out quite normally by making logical substitutions until a solution emerges. Let _2_ — f _£. I, in which case the following are the results of this substitution: °t ^" x ' Thus, by transposition: ^ r f ^ i / V ) where f ( ^ 3t ydx J dt ydx J ydx) df .dx, "3y .3x, 2.. /^.A r> fr\..\ f^..\ ^ ( C^,S\ at 2 lax J ax vat J vaxjaxl ydx)) Hence ^y = f(^V(—1— at 2 ydx) ydx) dx 2 or ( r*y>tf a 2 y r ydxjj v dx' This relationship is substituted into Eq. A2.1.6 which produces: 4 ^yV7 " 1 9 2 y ( dx. 3x' -Y-l 'dy\ V3x> f dy X\ 2 d 2 y ydx) j dx' = ±i-f(^ a 0 ydx J Integrating this expression introduces an integration constant, k: l-Y 'dy_y .dx; 2a0 ydx) 199
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Design and Simulation of Two-Stroke
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A Second Mulled Toast When as a stu
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Acknowledgments As explained in the
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Table of Contents Nomenclature xv C
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Table of Contents 2.10.1 Flow at pi
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Table of Contents 3.5.3.1 The use o
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Table of Contents 6.1.3 The effect
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Nomenclature NAME SYMBOL UNIT (SI)
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speed of rotation speed of rotation
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attenuation or transmission loss wa
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Page 170 and 171: Design and Simulation of Two-Stroke
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Chapter 4 Combustion in Two-Stroke
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Chapter 4 - Combustion in Two-Strok
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a stratilpl o tions to ivior. If m
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CD 30 -, W 20 - LU CO iS _J LU OC 1
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181 also x3 = — = 0.905 x6 = 2.17
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to be cur .3.20) .3.21) .3.22) for
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3.23) com- :on is hhas has a /eng-
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stroke .3.29) mean me to 3land ssio
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a LU z: en 3 CO a LU z EC D m O ho
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CD 1.2 -i 1.0 - di „„ LU 0.8 cc
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CO —> 111" cc LU < LU _J LU CC £
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Combustion in compression-ignition
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stroke ari more often lseful lental
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lat the ssi ;tribu- ELEVATION VIEWS
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CYLINDER HEAD TYPE IS CENTRAL BORE,
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CO E 50 40 - O O _i Hi > I CO 30 Z)
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CURRENT INPUT DATA FOR 2-STROKE 'SP
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Cylin- PP £ Pa- tics of Paper Chap
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vfitro- ;titi >tants 1970. i(In- Ch
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£2 = Pi P2 I Pi J Chapter 4 - Comb
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CHAINSAW AT 9600 rpm. Chapter 4- Co
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LLI •z. O N -z. 0.21 -, 0.20 DC 0
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Chapter 7 Reduction of Fuel Consump
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Chapter 7 • Reduction of Fuel Con
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Chapter 7 - Reduction of Fuel Consu
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^ s C£ Q 2^ E Q. Q_ z' o ISSI HCEM
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o > z~ Q w CO UJ w g x O z o z o m
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0.35 • 0.34 LU ° 0.33 - c 03 DC
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§ 2000
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y, ,6 Chapter 7 - Reduction of Fuel
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Chapter 7- Reduction of Fuel Consum
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INLET FOR r AIR AND FUEL Chapter 7
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o Q_ Ld < CD 15-, 10- Chapter 7 - R
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O 01 III cr cc LU Q. LU h- LU Z o N
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Chapter 8 Reduction of Noise Emissi
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Chapter 8 • Reduction of Noise Em
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Chapter 8 - Reduction of Noise Emis
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1 Chapter 8 - Reduction of Noise Em
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• • / . • Appendix Listing of
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Active radical (AR) combustion and
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initial conditions, assumptions reg
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in two-stroke engine (schematic dia
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exhaust timing control valve, effec
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I Exhaust emissions/exhaust gas ana
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Exhaust systems (continued) untuned
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gas constant/universal gas constant
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in crankcase heat transfer analysis
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Mercury Marine air-assisted fuel in
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I PISTON POSITION (computer program
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Pressure wave reflection (in pipes)
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local acoustic velocity, 60 local M
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Roots blower in turbocharged/superc
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Scavenging (continued) scavenging e
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Simulation, engine See Computer mod
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temperature vs. crankshaft angle (c
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work per thermodynamic (Otto) cycle
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Design and Simulation of Two Stroke Engines

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