NATELA KHINCHIGASHVILI - Tbilisi State University
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NATELA KHINCHIGASHVILI - Tbilisi State University

NATELA KHINCHIGASHVILI - Tbilisi State University

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Zalas, raTa samyaro gadaurCes daRupvas. berZnul miTologiaSi<br />

axali Taobis RmerTebma zevsis meTaurobiT daamarcxes maT winaaRmdeg<br />

amxedrebuli titanebi da kiklopebi da isini miwisqve-<br />

SeTSi Carekes. qvesknelSia damwyvdeuli aseve tantalosi. sasjelis<br />

yvela saxeoba _ mijaWva, miwis wiaRSi moTavseba, mTaSi<br />

damwyvdeva, wreSi moqceva _ faqtobrivad erTi da imave formis<br />

variantebia da uaryofiTi personaJis izolacias gulisxmobs.<br />

am warmodgenebidan unda momdinareobdes realur yofaSi<br />

damnaSavis dasjis saSualebebic. o. freidenbergi Tvlida, rom<br />

`damwyvdeva~ `sikvdilis~ ekvivalenturia da damnaSavis dapatimreba<br />

efuZneba arqaul metaforizms. Zvel sazogadoebebSi<br />

damnaSaves amwyvdevdnen bnel da Rrma ormoSi, romelsac qvesknelis<br />

Sinaarsi eniWeboda. gviandeli borkilebi, cixe bneli<br />

saknebiT, viwro da gisosebiani fanjrebiT momdinareobs totemur-miTologiuri<br />

tradiciebidan (freidenbergi 1978: 157).<br />

dapirispirebulTa brZolis miTma, Tavis mxriv, saTave daudo<br />

RmerTmebrZolobis folklorul motivs. igi farTod gavrcelda<br />

msoflios xalxTa zepirsityvierebasa da literaturaSi<br />

da dasjil-daborkil gmirTa mTeli simravle Seqmna, romlebic<br />

paralelur saxeebad iTvleba. Cvens amocanas ar Seadgens<br />

am personaJTa erTiani genezisis mtkiceba, aramed maTi mravalferovnebisa<br />

da dinamikis Cveneba, rasac adgili aqvs erTi miTologemidan<br />

warmoqmnil siuJetebSi. mijaWvulTa Sesaxeb siuJetebi<br />

sxvadasxva xalxis miTebsa Tu eposSi sxvadasxvagvarad aris<br />

gaformebuli, magram CvenTvis saintereso motivi _ RmerTTan<br />

dapirispirebuloba da amis gamo dasja _ yovel maTganSi meordeba.<br />

am umTavresi niSniT vaerTianebT da vixilavT, rogorc monaTesave<br />

personaJebs. maTi sinqronul da diaqronul planSi<br />

Tavmoyra ki warmoaCens rogorc erTian struqturas, ise stadialur<br />

evolucias.<br />

saerTo suraTSi pirveli safexuria RmerTebis dapirispireba,<br />

Tumca damarcxebuli RmerTis saxeSi maleve Cndeba urCxulis<br />

niSnebi da Sesabamisad, momdevno etapze is iRebs urCxulis<br />

an didi gvelis saxes. iranul miTologiaSi borotebis umaRlesi<br />

RvTaebaa ahrimani, romelic gardaisaxeba xan aJi-daxakis, xan<br />

angro-mainus saxiT. igi wminda sityviT SeboWa ahuramazdam. es<br />

Tema gadavida iranul eposSi zohakis istoriaSi. leonti mrovelis<br />

mier moTxrobil gadmocemaSic mijaWvuli arseba gvelis saxiTaa<br />

warmodgenili: “da gamoCnda naTesavTa Soris nebroTisTa<br />

kaci erTi afridon, romelmac Sekra jaWviTa bevrasfi, gvelTa<br />

ufali da daaba mTasa zeda, romel ars kacT Seuvali” (qarTlis<br />

cxovreba 1955: 13). Sua aziis xalxebis miTologiaSi urCxuli<br />

abirgani RmerTma mTis qveS daamwyvdia (potanini 1899:403). ber-<br />

Znul miTologiaSi urCxulTa meTauria tifoni, romelic zev-<br />

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