The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact - ELTE BTK Történelem Szakos Portál

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Bruzel, Baptiste Central Europe in the french reactions about the Ribbentropp-Molotov Pact We can first observe that, from a diplomatic point of view, France stands near Eastern Europe countries. This is proved by the memo M. Coulondre, the French ambassador in Berlin, sent, on August 15th 1939, to Georges Bonnet, the French foreign minister : „M. Weischer asks me which impressions I have brought from Paris on the international situation.(...) The position of the French government, supported almost unanimously by the whole country, has remained the same. France, England and Poland have committed themselves to help each other and this commitment will become operative should one of them be attacked.” This refers to the friendship treaty of January 25 th 1925 and to the Locarno treaty, signed on October 16 th 1925, which commits France to a military help to Poland. „In the event of France or Poland being attacked without provocation, France, or reciprocally Poland, acting in application of Article 15, paragraph 7, of the Covenant of the League of Nations, will immediately lend aid and assistance.” But the German and Italian initiatives break the dream pacifists had in France as well as in Britain. The hope of compromise becomes less and less credible. In answer to the threat of Ribbentrop to the Polish government, the British Prime Minister announces, together with France, also allied with Poland, that they will give Poland all neccessary assistance, should the Polish government find its independance endangereded and decide to resist. And France will also declare itself ready to help Greece threatened by Mussolini's troops in Albania and Romania. France knows that Hitler's promises will not be respected, and that he is planning to dominate Europe. He wants to bring off an other „coup” - as he did in Prag – in Poland first then in Romania. The French pacifists, just like G. Bonnet, are still looking for compromise. On January 26 th 1939, G. Bonnet delivers a speech in the Chamber of Deputies. France has told the government of Poland about the agreement it has reached with the Reich, which is very pleased, according to G. Bonnet. „The Reich fully appreciates the purpose, signification and range of the agreement.” We can ask ourselves what diplomatic relationships between France on the one hand, Eastern Europe countries - and more particularly Poland - on the other hand, were like, at the time of the crisis of 1939 and of the signature of the German-Soviet pact. To answer this question, we shall see first the reactions of French diplomacy before the signature, and then we shall see what changes the Pact brought about in Germany as awell as in France. 121
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ISBN 978-963-284-164-9
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Unknown Clauses: The Background Dea
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CONTENTS Foreword (István MAJOROS,
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Foreword The world remembers in 200
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The Historical Judgement of the Mol
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went often on emotional instead of
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What is much more interesting is th
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such an international agreement as
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Text of the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggress
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Done in duplicate, in the German an
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Lachaise, Bernard Historiography of
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Relations) are the focus of special
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Russian agreement (…) would allow
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Europe and on the French communists
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adopted a stance of denying the fac
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Ortolan, Guillaume The 70 th annive
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government (more than twenty) came,
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War. On the contrary, it shows that
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this anniversary and more widely of
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interesting: „Illusions. In summe
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Kretschmann, Vasco The ideological
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One of the most influential associa
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Germanness in the provinces of West
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Prętkiewicz, Przemysław The syste
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interwar period and the treaty was
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situation of rising danger accepted
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Manchukuo and broke relations with
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I would like to finish my article w
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party itself but for the whole Slov
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In summary, the group of the „Mod
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make proposals or suggestions. 6 In
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(Aland), Hanko and the islands of t
Page 72 and 73: have had a less serious effect on t
Page 74 and 75: not expect strong resistance and ho
Page 77 and 78: Winkler, Paul Adolf Eichmann’s Vi
Page 79 and 80: individual offenders, 10 who used h
Page 81 and 82: esearch. But how could the suppress
Page 83 and 84: expert of this matter 29 and had as
Page 85 and 86: Arendt on the contrary is in the op
Page 87 and 88: the „matter”, where there was a
Page 89 and 90: adoption of the model it became cle
Page 91 and 92: of Eichmann. For that Heydrich deli
Page 93: esistance […] but of logistics. N
Page 96 and 97: British government refused to give
Page 98 and 99: ole in the defence of Madrid in Nov
Page 100 and 101: public doubt the democratic idea of
Page 102 and 103: Republicans. In the refugee camps i
Page 104 and 105: 102
Page 106 and 107: iron? Where can one find more nicke
Page 108 and 109: According to his diaries, the main
Page 110 and 111: announced: „We have no active all
Page 112 and 113: 110
Page 114 and 115: negative, an analysis of the disapp
Page 116 and 117: can let think of an imminent war po
Page 118 and 119: de la guerre [il] ne fait que l'agg
Page 120 and 121: Party), the enemy of the inside. Of
Page 124 and 125: Before the Pact M. Coulondre, the F
Page 126 and 127: Lets us skip a few decades and list
Page 128 and 129: argain with. Hitler had an offer th
Page 130 and 131: secret protocol clarified that the
Page 132 and 133: to reach out for Russia through the
Page 134 and 135: of a war interesting rather on civi
Page 136 and 137: At the same moment, we can note an
Page 138 and 139: Faure 2 , remains hostile to war. I
Page 140 and 141: war can still be avoided in June 19
Page 142 and 143: acked by a „belligerent” coalit
Page 144 and 145: 142
Page 146 and 147: agreement” sound anachronistic. E
Page 148 and 149: 1939 between Germany and the Soviet
Page 150 and 151: Two ideas emerge from the press: on
Page 152 and 153: soviets didn’t have motive. Blum
Page 154 and 155: Moscow's line, with the national an
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Page 158 and 159: 2.000 German speaking inhabitants).
Page 160 and 161: The Eastern Polish border was not r
Page 162 and 163: Army. The mayor of Lviv did not wan
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Page 166 and 167: Budapest, and for Warsaw. The two c
Page 168 and 169: could not destroy the Polish Air Fo
Page 170 and 171: independence, Romania was forced to
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importance for the events considere
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possible future opposition to the S
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ate of communists within the Jews o
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the initial positive feeling toward
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wanted to take revenge for the NKVD
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German Reactions A last point that
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