Dealing with salinity in Wheatbelt Valleys - Department of Water

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Morrell, Hatton and Curry The population of the catchment is approximately two hundred people. It is a rural community reliant on agriculture. One town, Pingrup, is located within the catchment; seventy of the two hundred people live in the town. Pingrup was gazetted on 9 May 1924. Population trends during the last year show a 16% drop over that period. 6320000 6300000 6280000 6260000 6240000 Land Use 600000 Roads 600000 ( LEGEND NYABING Towns 620000 Sealed Unsealed Catchment Subcatchments Lakes 620000 ( 640000 ( ONGERUP 640000 The major land use is cereal and sheep farming, with an emphasis on wheat and barley production. Crops such as canola, lupins and other pulse crops are increasing in area. Many farmers within the catchment are trialing high water using fodder crops such as lucerne, summer crops and Balansa clover. Farmers have also started to plant commercial tree crops such as oil mallees as well as other tree species for nature conservation. PINGRUP The Lake Chinocup Catchment forms the headwaters of the Swan Avon River system in the zone of Ancient Drainage, in which run-off accumulates locally in terminal lakes (Figure 1). Overflow out of the catchment only occurs in exceptionally wet years. The area centres on the Lake Chinocup Reserve. 660000 660000 Figure 1: Location of the Lake Chinocup Catchment – 2 – JERRAMUNGUP ( 680000 680000 Sheep are bred mainly for their wool with fewer concentrating on breeding fat lambs for the meat market. There are 60 farming families with property in the Lake Chinocup Catchment. Approximately 80,000 tonnes of wheat and 30,000 tonnes barley are produced annually. Wool production is at about 750,000 kg annually from 250,000 sheep. Vegetation The Pingrup district was originally covered in thick mallee scrub. It was developed (cleared for 6320000 6300000 6280000 6260000 6240000
agriculture) in various stages, the oldest being approximately 85 years ago, while the newest is 25 years. Approximately 80% of the landscape has been cleared for agriculture. The remaining remnant vegetation is in the form of Conservation Commission controlled Reserves, vacant Crown land and Road Reserves, with approximately 10% remaining on farms. 6320000 6300000 6280000 6260000 6240000 600000 600000 Hydrology of the Area NYABING 620000 620000 ONGERUP ( 640000 640000 Detailed hydrological studies of the Pingrup town catchment through the Rural Towns Programme, and the Minelup Creek Catchment and Range Road Catchment through the Focus Catchment Process, have been completed. A drilling project, which has placed piezometers and observation wells throughout the catchment, is in place. These were drilled in 1997 to 1998 and are NHT funded. Lewis & Nelson (1994) concluded the following about the area’s hydrology: PINGRUP Soils Morrell, Hatton and Curry The district consists of a large bank of salt lakes running from south to north with slightly undulating lands surrounding these lakes. Soils vary from very sandy to heavy clay; all however are relatively shallow soils over a clay base (Figure 2). 660000 660000 Figure 2: Lake Chinocup Soils Map – 3 – JERRAMUNGUP ( 680000 LEGEND Towns Roads Subcatchments Soils 500k Loamy duplex Loamy earth Rocky or stony soils Sandy earth Shallow sandy duplex Wet soils 680000 • Average annual recharge under agriculture is in the order of 5–50 mm. Coarse textured soils probably contribute most recharge to the catchment aquifers, but some areas with finer textured soils are likely to be significant, even without waterlogging conditions. • The water table is rising below many parts of the catchment at rates of about 10–30 cm/yr. • Episodic recharge resulting from flood events may contribute most of the recharge occurring below some parts of the valley floor. Major summer storms may contribute a significant 6320000 6300000 6280000 6260000 6240000
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Foreword Dealing with Salinity in W
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1Day one: Monday 30th July. Field t
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Papers Dealing with Salinity in Whe
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Ali and Coles biggest challenges fa
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Ali and Coles erosion, maintenance
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Ali and Coles expected under these
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Ali and Coles Coles, N.A. & Ali, M.
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Commander, Schoknecht, Verboom and
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APPRECIATING AND CREATING OUR HISTO
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services. The Government responded
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WHEATBELT VALLEYS IN DIFFICULTIES T
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argue that they were really abnorma
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1990s, the wheatbelt valleys in par
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REFERENCES Agstats (1997). Agricult
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George and Coleman two to four fold
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Page 59 and 60: George and Coleman current trends c
Page 61 and 62: George and Coleman While not as div
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Page 65 and 66: George and Coleman advantages of so
Page 67 and 68: George and Coleman this volume). In
Page 69 and 70: George and Coleman Venture Economy
Page 71 and 72: George and Coleman Lawrence, C. (19
Page 73 and 74: Hatton and Ruprecht WATCHING THE RI
Page 75 and 76: Since the mid 1970s annual rainfall
Page 77 and 78: Effect of clearing on runoff The ot
Page 79 and 80: Salinity Monthly streamflow (ML) 10
Page 81 and 82: The ratio of the salt outputs to in
Page 83 and 84: - 11 - Hatton and Ruprecht Table 4:
Page 85 and 86: THE FUTURE In looking at the future
Page 87 and 88: McFarlane, D.J., George, R.J. & Far
Page 89 and 90: Keighery, Halse and McKenzie Terres
Page 91 and 92: Keighery, Halse and McKenzie Wetlan
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Page 97 and 98: Lloyd number of legal cases pending
Page 99 and 100: Lloyd 0 -500 -1000 -1500 -2000 -250
Page 101 and 102: Lloyd Table 3. Sheep grazing days i
Page 103 and 104: Lloyd Hectares project to provide w
Page 105: INTRODUCTION The Lake Chinocup Catc
Page 109 and 110: - 3,477 ha of remnant vegetation or
Page 111 and 112: Scientists talk of up to 30% of the
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Page 115 and 116: Although the waterlogged area under
Page 117 and 118: eliminates drainage through the nex
Page 119 and 120: REFERENCES Dawes, W.R., Stauffacher
Page 121 and 122: Pannell ECONOMICS, SOCIETY AND ENVI
Page 123 and 124: Pannell • the area of land protec
Page 125 and 126: Pannell Proposals to construct majo
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Page 129 and 130: Pannell investments in long-term la
Page 131 and 132: Pannell Pannell, D.J. (2001). Dryla
Page 133 and 134: Porter, Bartle and Cooper Table 1:
Page 139 and 140: Porter, Bartle and Cooper operation
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Page 147 and 148: Porter, Bartle and Cooper that is a
Page 149 and 150: CASE STUDY - TOOLIBIN LAKE AND CATC
Page 151 and 152: • The distribution, storage and m
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CONCLUSIONS Actions to protect and
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FIELD TOUR LOCATIONS FIELD TOUR NOT
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COLES FARM “Avon River Basin Over
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Conference Outcomes Dealing with Sa
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with Salinity in Wheatbelt Valleys:
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with Salinity in Wheatbelt Valleys
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Photo Gallery 2 Dealing with Salini
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APPENDIX 1 BACKGROUND HYDROLOGY AND
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WHEATBELT HYDROLOGY Flow in the Yil
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Flow (ML) STREAM SALINITY Salt Rive
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APPENDIX 2 WATER MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
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APPENDIX 3 MANAGING WATER AND SALIN
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SUMMARY- TIMELINE OF RECENT SIGNIFI
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RECENT HISTORY OF WATER AND SALINIT
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Figure 1. Hydrological cross-sectio
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Depth (m) 316 315 314 313 312 311 M
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FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS AND MANAGEME
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Dealing with salinity in Wheatbelt Valleys - Department of Water

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