Dealing with salinity in Wheatbelt Valleys - Department of Water

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van de Graaff, W.J.E. (1981). Palaeogeographic evolution of a rifted cratonic margin: SW Australia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 34: 163-172. van de Graaff, W.J.E., Crowe, R.W.A., Bunting, J.A. & Jackson, M.J. (1977). Relict Early Cainozoic drainages in arid Western Australia. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie N.F., 21: 379-400. Verboom W.H., Galloway, P.D. (2000). Hypothetical effects of rhizosphere associates of Proteaceae and their lateritic products on landscape evolution: Explanatory descriptions from southwestern Australia. In: Proceedings of the Australian Society of Soil Science Inc. (WA Branch) and Environmental Consultants Association (WA) Inc. Soils 2000 Conference (Eds. C. Tang, D.R. Williamson), Muresk Institute of Agriculture, Western Australia, 24-35. Waterhouse, J.D., Commander, D.P., Prangley, C. & Backhouse, J. (1995). Newly recognised Eocene sediments in the Beaufort Palaeochannel. Western Australia Geological Survey, Annual Review 1993-4, 82-86. – 27 – Commander, Schoknecht, Verboom and Caccetta White, M.E. (2000). Running Down: water in a changing land. Kangaroo Press, Sydney, 276 pp. Wilde, S.A. & Backhouse, J. (1977). Fossiliferous Tertiary deposits on the Darling Plateau, Western Australia. Western Australia Geological Survey, Annual Report for 1976, 49-52. Woolnough, W.G. (1918). The Darling Peneplain of Western Australia. Jour. Proc. Roy. Soc. NSW, 52: 385-396. Wyrwoll, K.H. (1988). Time in the geomorphology of Western Australia. Progress in Physical Geography, 12, 237- 263. Yesertener, C., Commander, D.P. & Muirden, P. (2000). Groundwater and surface water outflow from the Yarra Yarra Lakes, Western Australia. In: Hydro 2000, Proceedings of 3rd International Hydrology and Water Resources Symposium of The Institution of Engineers, Australia, Perth, November 2000, 323-328.
APPRECIATING AND CREATING OUR HISTORY Fionnuala Frost 1 and Don Burnside 2 ABSTRACT Frost and Burnside At this Conference, we will be reviewing and appreciating our history in the wheatbelt valleys. From that appreciation we will create the story as a basis for moving forward in addressing the obvious challenges posed by the new hydrology in these valleys. In this paper, we argue that European settlement has always struggled to develop certainty from an uncertain landscape. However, this struggle has occurred within an environment of optimism, with a belief that good times are ahead. Over the last 170 years, in the wheatbelt valleys we have changed our land use from pastoral grazing associated with timber harvesting to an annual farming system that many in the World have looked at with envy. Three factors in this journey have been critical: Government policy has driven most of our developments in the Wheatbelt, from the development of the railways, the encouragement of settlement of the land after the decline of the Goldfields in the 1920s and for soldier settlement after the First World War. After the shock of the Depression and WWII, the settlement process recommenced with the release of conditional purchase land and the development for agriculture of land previously considered infertile. Throughout this time, Government has continued to fund agricultural research, development and extension to support the people in that landscape. Productivity growth, particularly in the last 20 years, has been impressive. This journey has been tough. Of the 10 decades since the land was first cleared, perhaps only two – the 1950s and 1960s – have been times of untroubled prosperity for all. People have coped with the difficulties of first settlements, the Depression, wartime shortages, rabbits, dry years and continually declining terms of trade. Many left with property amalgamations, and depopulation of small settlements has been a fact of life for over 80 years. But many stayed, building a legacy of resilience and an ability to adapt to changing circumstances. This leads to the third factor – that of a capacity for innovation. Adjustment, adaptation and evolution has always featured in these environments as individuals worked to maximise production from scarce rainfall, minimise the impact of pest and diseases and cope with changing circumstances. Most of those responsible for creating agriculture in the wheatbelt valleys had come from non-agricultural backgrounds and so had to make it up as they went along. The culture of innovation has been significant in the development of the productive farming systems we see today. These three factors – Government policy, a legacy of resilience and a culture of innovation – are the influences we believe will continue to shape the wheatbelt valleys. 1 AgInsight, Post Office, BUREKUP WA 6227 2 URS Australia Limited, Level 3, The Hyatt Centre, 20 Terrace Road, EAST PERTH WA 6004 At the time of writing, Fionnuala Frost is a member of a Ministerial Task Force established to review salinity policy and management in Western Australia. This paper expresses the personal views of Fionnuala Frost and her co-author, not those of the Salinity Task Force. – 1 –
Page 1 and 2: Foreword Dealing with Salinity in W
Page 3 and 4: 1Day one: Monday 30th July. Field t
Page 5 and 6: Papers Dealing with Salinity in Whe
Page 7 and 8: Ali and Coles biggest challenges fa
Page 9 and 10: Ali and Coles erosion, maintenance
Page 11 and 12: Ali and Coles expected under these
Page 13 and 14: Ali and Coles Coles, N.A. & Ali, M.
Page 15 and 16: Commander, Schoknecht, Verboom and
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Page 43 and 44: services. The Government responded
Page 45 and 46: WHEATBELT VALLEYS IN DIFFICULTIES T
Page 47 and 48: argue that they were really abnorma
Page 49 and 50: 1990s, the wheatbelt valleys in par
Page 51 and 52: REFERENCES Agstats (1997). Agricult
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Page 65 and 66: George and Coleman advantages of so
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Page 69 and 70: George and Coleman Venture Economy
Page 71 and 72: George and Coleman Lawrence, C. (19
Page 73 and 74: Hatton and Ruprecht WATCHING THE RI
Page 75 and 76: Since the mid 1970s annual rainfall
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Page 79 and 80: Salinity Monthly streamflow (ML) 10
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Page 85 and 86: THE FUTURE In looking at the future
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Keighery, Halse and McKenzie Wetlan
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Keighery, Halse and McKenzie specie
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Keighery, Halse and McKenzie enviro
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Lloyd number of legal cases pending
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Lloyd 0 -500 -1000 -1500 -2000 -250
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Lloyd Table 3. Sheep grazing days i
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Lloyd Hectares project to provide w
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INTRODUCTION The Lake Chinocup Catc
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agriculture) in various stages, the
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- 3,477 ha of remnant vegetation or
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Scientists talk of up to 30% of the
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6320000 6300000 6280000 6260000 624
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Although the waterlogged area under
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eliminates drainage through the nex
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REFERENCES Dawes, W.R., Stauffacher
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Pannell ECONOMICS, SOCIETY AND ENVI
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Pannell • the area of land protec
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Pannell Proposals to construct majo
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Pannell been conducted for the Cent
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Pannell investments in long-term la
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Pannell Pannell, D.J. (2001). Dryla
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Porter, Bartle and Cooper Table 1:
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Porter, Bartle and Cooper operation
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Porter, Bartle and Cooper Increase
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Porter, Bartle and Cooper support i
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Porter, Bartle and Cooper that is a
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CASE STUDY - TOOLIBIN LAKE AND CATC
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• The distribution, storage and m
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Secondly, there is a set of practic
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within three categories: relationsh
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CONCLUSIONS Actions to protect and
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FIELD TOUR LOCATIONS FIELD TOUR NOT
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COLES FARM “Avon River Basin Over
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Conference Outcomes Dealing with Sa
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with Salinity in Wheatbelt Valleys:
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with Salinity in Wheatbelt Valleys
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Photo Gallery 2 Dealing with Salini
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APPENDIX 1 BACKGROUND HYDROLOGY AND
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WHEATBELT HYDROLOGY Flow in the Yil
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Flow (ML) STREAM SALINITY Salt Rive
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APPENDIX 2 WATER MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
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APPENDIX 3 MANAGING WATER AND SALIN
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SUMMARY- TIMELINE OF RECENT SIGNIFI
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RECENT HISTORY OF WATER AND SALINIT
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Figure 1. Hydrological cross-sectio
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Depth (m) 316 315 314 313 312 311 M
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FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS AND MANAGEME
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