Dealing with salinity in Wheatbelt Valleys - Department of Water

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Groundwater Monitoring A network of piezometers was setup in the Merredin catchment to study trends in groundwater level and salinity. Water level fluctuations in the catchment have been monitored at monthly intervals for 19 piezometers since 1986. Locations of these bores in relation to the townsite may be seen in figure 2. Figure 2. Merredin town bore locations (i) Seasonal fluctuations Aquifers in areas with direct hydraulic contact with creeks show seasonal fluctuations. Water levels rise during wet periods (usually winter) and fall during dry periods. For example, higher rainfall during the 1991 summer and autumn was reflected by larger water level rise during winter. Conversely, lower rainfall between 1988 and 1990 resulted in smaller water level rises. Water level fluctuations in piezometers MD3A, MD3C, MD3-pump, MD4, MD4B and MD7 show both recharge and discharge cycles in the annual pattern. Long term water levels from piezometer MD3pump in a replanted area showed that water levels were rising from 1986 to mid 1993 at a rate of 0.04 m/yr, but between mid 1993 and April 1998 the water levels fell by about 2 m (at a rate of at approximately 0.45 m/yr.) Since 1998 the water levels have been rising, but if long term average long-term rainfall is taken into account, the trend is still downward at a rate of 0.10 m/yr. The hydrograph for MD03p with the long-term trend with annual residual rainfall may be seen in Figure 3. Piezometers, MD4, MD5, and MD6 show a similar trend. These are all located in the planted area.
Depth (m) 316 315 314 313 312 311 Monotonically rising Figure 3. Water levels with accumulative annual residual rainfall for MD03CPUMP Rate of rise = 0.04 m/yr 310 Mar-85 Nov-87 Aug-90 May-93 Feb-96 Nov-98 Aug-01 Date Rate of fall = 0.45 m/yr Rate of fall = 0.10 m/yr Long-term trend with ARR Water level MD03CPUMP In the upper slopes (recharge areas) where the rate of groundwater recharge is high, water levels are rising 0.15-0.54 m/yr. For example, in cleared sandplain areas the water levels are continuously rising. The situation may be exacerbated by local recharge from the level banks. However, piezometer MDB that is located between MDA and MDC does not exhibit a similar pattern (this is because this area is heavy-textured and does not have such a high recharge rate). Contrary to established trends, the water levels have declined in MDB since June 1994 and then risen in the wet year of 1999. Piezometers MD2 and MD8 located in the valley area show a steady rise with minimal seasonal response. This is probably due to the contribution from a lateral flow from the hillslopes and leakage from surface flows. MDX was rising at 0.30 m/yr. until mid 1994 when the rate of rise has been zero. This is possibly a delayed effect of the tree plantation. Figure 4. Shows the hydrographs for MDA, MDC and MDX. Figure 5 shows the hydrograph for Md02b and c.
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Foreword Dealing with Salinity in W
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1Day one: Monday 30th July. Field t
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Papers Dealing with Salinity in Whe
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Ali and Coles biggest challenges fa
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Ali and Coles erosion, maintenance
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Ali and Coles expected under these
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Ali and Coles Coles, N.A. & Ali, M.
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Commander, Schoknecht, Verboom and
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APPRECIATING AND CREATING OUR HISTO
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services. The Government responded
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WHEATBELT VALLEYS IN DIFFICULTIES T
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argue that they were really abnorma
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1990s, the wheatbelt valleys in par
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REFERENCES Agstats (1997). Agricult
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George and Coleman two to four fold
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George and Coleman surface, the vas
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George and Coleman for example in t
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George and Coleman current trends c
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George and Coleman While not as div
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George and Coleman SPECIES Table 5:
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George and Coleman advantages of so
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George and Coleman this volume). In
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George and Coleman Venture Economy
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George and Coleman Lawrence, C. (19
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Hatton and Ruprecht WATCHING THE RI
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Since the mid 1970s annual rainfall
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Effect of clearing on runoff The ot
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Salinity Monthly streamflow (ML) 10
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The ratio of the salt outputs to in
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- 11 - Hatton and Ruprecht Table 4:
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THE FUTURE In looking at the future
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McFarlane, D.J., George, R.J. & Far
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Keighery, Halse and McKenzie Terres
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Keighery, Halse and McKenzie Wetlan
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Keighery, Halse and McKenzie specie
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Keighery, Halse and McKenzie enviro
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Lloyd number of legal cases pending
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Lloyd 0 -500 -1000 -1500 -2000 -250
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Lloyd Table 3. Sheep grazing days i
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Lloyd Hectares project to provide w
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INTRODUCTION The Lake Chinocup Catc
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agriculture) in various stages, the
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- 3,477 ha of remnant vegetation or
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Scientists talk of up to 30% of the
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6320000 6300000 6280000 6260000 624
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Although the waterlogged area under
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eliminates drainage through the nex
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REFERENCES Dawes, W.R., Stauffacher
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Pannell ECONOMICS, SOCIETY AND ENVI
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Pannell • the area of land protec
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Pannell Proposals to construct majo
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Pannell been conducted for the Cent
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Pannell investments in long-term la
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Pannell Pannell, D.J. (2001). Dryla
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Porter, Bartle and Cooper Table 1:
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Porter, Bartle and Cooper operation
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Porter, Bartle and Cooper Increase
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Porter, Bartle and Cooper support i
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Porter, Bartle and Cooper that is a
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CASE STUDY - TOOLIBIN LAKE AND CATC
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• The distribution, storage and m
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Secondly, there is a set of practic
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within three categories: relationsh
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CONCLUSIONS Actions to protect and
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FIELD TOUR LOCATIONS FIELD TOUR NOT
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COLES FARM “Avon River Basin Over
Page 163 and 164: Conference Outcomes Dealing with Sa
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Page 197 and 198: Photo Gallery 2 Dealing with Salini
Page 199 and 200: APPENDIX 1 BACKGROUND HYDROLOGY AND
Page 201 and 202: WHEATBELT HYDROLOGY Flow in the Yil
Page 203 and 204: Flow (ML) STREAM SALINITY Salt Rive
Page 205 and 206: APPENDIX 2 WATER MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
Page 207 and 208: APPENDIX 3 MANAGING WATER AND SALIN
Page 209 and 210: SUMMARY- TIMELINE OF RECENT SIGNIFI
Page 211 and 212: RECENT HISTORY OF WATER AND SALINIT
Page 213: Figure 1. Hydrological cross-sectio
Page 218 and 219: FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS AND MANAGEME
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Dealing with salinity in Wheatbelt Valleys - Department of Water

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