The Organization of Chipped-Stone Economies at Piedras Negras ...

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Figure 3.1: Teotihuacan-style mountains on the façade of the acropolis at Piedras Negras (Proskouriakoff 1946), above; Acanceh (detail from Seler 1902-23 V:400), middle; and at Copán (Taube 2004:Figure 13.16a). 72
Figure 3.2: Effigy atlatl dart points from Piedras Negras Cache O-13-57. Photograph by Zachary X. Hruby. 73
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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE
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Acknowledgements Foremost, I thank
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ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION The Or
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TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES
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5.4.1.1.5: Large laurel leaf biface
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7.2.1: Hypothesis 1……………
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6.2: Examples of possible pressure-
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LIST OF TABLES Chapter 4: Lithic Re
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the royal palace had more access to
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argued that most studies intended t
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The research presented here submits
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flakes of microcrystalline quartz,
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whereby data were recorded. The hyp
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ecause the debate actually concerns
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“technological-resource realm”
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and another chert production locale
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activities may in turn have given r
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Most of these studies are somewhat
Page 38 and 39: consequence of this perspective is
Page 40 and 41: study is but one more building bloc
Page 42 and 43: avoids the problem of how to charac
Page 44 and 45: and probably did, have multiple occ
Page 46 and 47: for them, but also the status of wh
Page 48 and 49: which represents nondiscursive prac
Page 50 and 51: ideology, hegemony, and similar con
Page 52 and 53: can overlap through religious and s
Page 54 and 55: the codification of belief implies
Page 56 and 57: [A] relatively autonomous and struc
Page 58 and 59: materialize” (2000:140; my emphas
Page 60 and 61: itualized production should not be
Page 62 and 63: commonplace (cf. Childs 1998). Ritu
Page 64 and 65: [R]ituals employed during manufactu
Page 66 and 67: Another Aztec example indicates tha
Page 68 and 69: period documents, charters other fo
Page 70 and 71: Although this passage describes a s
Page 72 and 73: materials, such as the central Pet
Page 74 and 75: emergent craft ideologies, and an o
Page 76 and 77: not to say that production, even ri
Page 78 and 79: Pennsylvania that yielded an import
Page 80 and 81: information from new excavations is
Page 82 and 83: interpretation, are mentioned on Ea
Page 84 and 85: e interpreted as being structurally
Page 86 and 87: of his father, if we can consider t
Page 90 and 91: Figure 3.3: Column altar Cache R-5-
Page 92 and 93: the city. Since the ceramic chronol
Page 94 and 95: some residential groups feature mor
Page 96 and 97: from the seat of power by many diff
Page 98 and 99: microcrystalline quartzes were rese
Page 100 and 101: eceived these scores from moderate
Page 102 and 103: Figure 3.4: Two examples of hammers
Page 104 and 105: used, they probably had a lesser ex
Page 106 and 107: typology chapters of this study, bu
Page 108 and 109: degree to which lithic production w
Page 110 and 111: Furthermore, general patterns of pr
Page 112 and 113: previously (see Chapter 5). A typol
Page 114 and 115: and between nodules, which were sel
Page 116 and 117: of these materials are nodular flin
Page 118 and 119: eduction flakes found at the site (
Page 120 and 121: 104
Page 122 and 123: Table 4.1 depicts the percentages b
Page 124 and 125: Table 4.2 depicts microcrystalline-
Page 126 and 127: from Ixtepeque, the opaque black co
Page 128 and 129: Table 4.3: Counts and percentages o
Page 130 and 131: Table 4.4: The total counts and wei
Page 132 and 133: Table 4.5 continued. 116
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122
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According to the three spatial grou
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4.2.2: Color and Quality of El Chay
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128
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quartz eccentrics from the two site
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systematic sourcing program for mic
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technological typology that focuses
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establishing chronologies, and also
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Aside from these speculative accoun
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combination of morphological and te
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Shafer and Hester (1983) also creat
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(in Rovner and Lewenstein 1997:23),
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primary technological trait, such a
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#1-Large Celt Biface, Thin Kidder 1
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#7-Large, Stemmed Biface Hester 198
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#20-Medium Circular Biface Rectangu
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#30-Small Stemmed Biface Ricketson
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typological variation also may stem
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This form is thoroughly described i
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Figure 5.3.2: Examples of thick cel
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Figure 5.4: A celtiform-biface frag
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describes the technology and morpho
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The working bit is produced by a si
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5.4.1.1.7: Large stemmed biface (se
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5.4.1.2: Medium-sized artifacts (8
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ased on proximal or medial fragment
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Figure 5.7: Medium-sized oval unifa
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medium-sized, laurel leaf unifaces
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leaf bifaces, which also can be par
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surface of a nodule reduction flake
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in some cases, be thoroughly chippe
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core such as is used in the Middle
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The small stemmed biface type also
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domestic archaeological record at P
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and northern Belize regions. During
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Figure 5.9: Microcrystalline-quartz
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Figure 5.10: Unifacially-worked lau
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they had the same meaning and value
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At Piedras Negras biface-reduction
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The goal of reduction would be to p
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5.6.3: Notching Flakes: Indirect Pe
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Figure 5.13: Evidence for the reduc
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5.6.7: Resharpening, Rejuvenation,
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CHAPTER 6 TYPOLOGY OF OBSIDIAN ARTI
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Figure 6.1: Exhausted obsidian blad
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Exhausted cylindrical cores are fou
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Figure 6.2: Examples of possible pr
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216
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face of the core. Clark and Bryant
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Figure 6.5: Percussion flakes remov
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Figure 6.7: Distal rejuvenation bla
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section, and then were prepared and
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Figure 6.9: Obsidian eccentrics tha
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Figure 6.11: Second-series pressure
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lade-core platforms at Piedras Negr
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Figure 6.13.1: Platform rejuvenatio
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termination was used as a platform
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Figure 6.16: Crested blade from Pie
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Figure 6.18: Distal rejuvenation fl
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this technique is on transforming t
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6.3.2: Some Implications of Single-
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differentiation in others. This is
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Figure 6.22: Cores notched by press
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Figure 6.24: Completely-bifaced fla
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specific types of debitage, only re
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for cylindrical cores. The edges of
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The debitage from the production of
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is understood to be the site core.
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Figure 7.2: Map of the acropolis at
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Figure 7.3: Map of Piedras Negras d
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inhabited up to the Kumche phase, a
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264
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area of the city. PN23 also appears
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The third and final spatial groupin
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270
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historical connection to previous i
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any other residential group at Pied
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Phase Cutting Edge to Mass Ratio Av
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An analysis of CE:M ratios and blad
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Site Op Phase Artifact Type Modific
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number of different ways. According
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It is true, however, that the major
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Site Operation Phase Area Non- prod
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Obsidian-Eccentric Types Yaxche Cha
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obsidian eccentrics, a likely scena
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debitage had a symbolic and economi
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anywhere from one to twenty years a
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Figure 7.11: Column altar Cache R-5
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etween the two samples of obsidian
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indicates they may have been associ
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Figure 7.15: Obsidian eccentrics in
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304
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although in a diminished quantity,
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anthropomorphized or characterized
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circumscribed, especially consideri
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Figures 7.20: Obsidian biface eccen
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as a potpourri of symbols and reduc
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continued, although in a minor way
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Figure 7.24: Refit of flake and bif
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tomb (Burial 10) and the tomb of Ru
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ut some of them (N=34) were late-st
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8.1: SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS CHAPTE
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obsidian technologies differed from
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organization at the end of the Yaxc
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The symbolic nature of chipped-ston
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previously unrecognized patterns of
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conversion of symbolic capital may
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cache name contains the name of the
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Aldenderfer, Mark S. 1
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Child, Mark B. 1997 PN 18: Excavaci
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Comaroff, Jean, and John Comaroff 1
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Fedick, Scott 1991 Chert Tool Produ
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Golden, Charles 1998 PN 11: Excavac
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1991 Maya Stone Tools: Selected Pap
Page 366 and 367:
Hruby, Zachary X., Fred Nelson, and
Page 368 and 369:
Kovacevich, Brigitte 2003 Ritual, C
Page 370 and 371:
1992a Resources, Specialization, an
Page 372 and 373:
Nelson, Fred W, Jr. 1988 Trace Elem
Page 374 and 375:
Rands, Robert, and Ronald Bishop 19
Page 376 and 377:
Scholes, France V. and Ralph L. Roy
Page 378 and 379:
Spielmann, Katherine A. 1998 Ritual
Page 380 and 381:
Tozzer, Alfred M. 1941 Landa’s Re
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