The Organization of Chipped-Stone Economies at Piedras Negras ...

3.2.1.1: The role of use-wear in the study. …………………82
3.2.1.2: Identifying production locales. ……………….…... 84
3.2.1.3: Identifying ideologically-loaded production. …….. 88
3.3: HYPOTHESES…………………………………………………….….. 89
3.3.1: Hypothesis Set 1: The Organization of Production…………. 89
3.3.2: Hypothesis Set 2: Ideology and Value………………………. 91
3.4: SUMMARY…………………………………………………………… 92
CHAPTER 4: LITHIC RESOURCES AND THE PIEDRAS
NEGRAS SAMPLE…………………………………………………………... 93
4.1: MICROCRYSTALLINE-QUARTZ MATERIALS…………………... 93
4.1.1: Local Resources……………………………………………... 94
4.1.2: Imported Microcrystalline Quartzes………………………… 97
4.1.3: Morphology and Quantity of Chert Samples………………... 100
4.1.3.1: Distribution of microcrystalline quartzes. ………... 101
4.2: OBSIDIAN SOURCES AND SAMPLES…………………………….. 106
4.2.1: Obsidian Sources of Piedras Negras Artifacts………….…… 108
4.2.2: Color and Quality of El Chayal Obsidian at Piedras Negras... 123
4.2.3: Overview of the Piedras Negras Obsidian Sample…….……. 127
4.3: SUMMARY………………………………………………………….... 128
CHAPTER 5: MICROCRYSTALLINE-QUARTZ ARTIFACT
TYPES…………………………………………………………………………… 130
5.1: A MICROCRYSTALLINE-QUARTZ TOOL TYPOLOGY………… 130
5.2: CHIPPED-STONE TYPOLOGIES IN THE MAYA AREA…….…… 132
5.3: MORPHO-TECHNOLOGICAL TYPOLOGY AND VARIABILITY. 139
5.3.1: The Structure of the Typology………………………………. 142
5.4: TOOL TYPES AT PIEDRAS NEGRAS………………………….….. 153
5.4.1: Morphological and Technological Description of Tool
Types……………………………………………………………….. 153
5.4.1.1: Large-sized artifacts. ……………………………… 154
5.4.1.1.1: Large celtiform biface, thin. ……………. 154
5.4.1.1.2: Large and medium celtiform biface,
thick. ……………………………………………….. 155
5.4.1.1.3: Large and medium celtiform uniface. …... 160
5.4.1.1.4: Large tranchet celtiform biface. ………... 161
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