The English flora - SeaweedAfrica

138 LICHENES. [Calicium.
Wall top at Ach-na-drain, Ross-shire; Borrer and Hook. Appin,
Captain Carmichael.— I have not seen the fructification of this, but the
thallus well agrees with the description and figure of Acharius.
b. Apothecia more or less stipitate, hollow, goblet-shaped (pilidia).
Fam. II. Calicioide^.
2. Calicium. Ach. Calicium.
Thallus crustaceous, spreading, adnate, uniform. Apothecia
(pilidia) goblet-shaped, more or less stipitate, filled with a compact
pulverulent mass of sporules, which constitutes the disk and
is plane or subglobose.—Named from xuxvxiov, a little cup, from
the form of the apothecia. This remarkable and beautiful
genus has been ranged among the Fungi by Persoon. The
arrangement and characters are taken from Turner and Borrer s
Lichenographia Britannica, still, unfortunately for the botanical
world, unpublished.
* Apothecia sessile.
1. C. sessile, Pers. (parasitic sessile Calicium); crust none?
pilidium sessile pyriform black polished with a thick inflexed
border, sporules black. Turn, and Bor. Lich. Br. p. 1 28. E.
Bot. t. 2520 C. stigonellum, Ach. Syn. p. 56, et Lich. Un.t. 5.
f, 5.
n. 6.
—
C. turbinatum, Ach. Syn.p. 56. Schair. Lich. Helv.p. 3.
Lichen gelasinatum, With. Bot. cum Ic.— Sphceria sphinc-
terica, Soiv. E. Fung. v. 3. t. 286. (but not Hypoxylon sphinctericum,
Bidl.)— (3. marginatum ; border of the capitulum white
or greyish.
Common on the crust of Porina jjerlusa.— Crust apparently none.
Pilidium minute, inversely conical or turbinate, the lower solid part constituting
a very short stipes. The apothecium is at first convex with a
minute dot in the centre which soon becomes depressed, and at length
opens, disclosing an opaque powdery disk of a regularly circular outline
and in every stage surrounded by a thick, polished, elevated, entire and
inflexed border. The place of growth of this plant is very remarkable ;
its apothecia are parasitic in the cracks of the thallus (where they are
crowded) or in the depressions formed by the apertures of the verruca
(in which they usually stand single) of Porina pertusa Ach.; or accord-
ing to the observations of the late Sir T. Gage, upon Lecannra Perclla.
2. C. microcephalum, Sm. (small-headed short-stalked Caliciwn);
crust granulated tartareous rugulose olive-coloured, pilidia ses-
sile pyriform black polished with a thick inflexed border, sporules
black. E. Bot. t. 1865. Turn, and Borr. Lich. Br. p. 130.
Oak rails by the sea, at Caister, near Yarmouth, Mr. Turner. Packington,
Lady Aylsford.— The pilidia very much resemble those of C.
scllile, but they arise from a crust belonging to the plant of an olivebrown
colour, when moist a little inclining to green, and they are more
decidedly stipitate: still the able authors of the Lichenographia Britannica
seem to think it possible that these two species may be the same.