The English flora - SeaweedAfrica

170 LICHENES. [Variolaria.
and an eminent French Chemist now informs me that it is so employed
in France, and upon a very extensive scale.
7. V. aspergilla, Ach. Lich. Univ. (sprinkled Variularia)
crust orbicular somewhat tartareous thickish dull- white wrinkled
surrounded by a smooth polished somewhat zonate border of
one colour, apothecia scattered elevated hemisphserical with
scarcely any border, powder very white. Turn, and Borr.
Lich. Br. p. 67. E. Bot. t. 2401.— V. communis, g. aspergil/a,
Ach. Syn.
On Oak and Beech, park-pales, and on rocks.
8. V. Idctea, Pers. (milky-white Variolarid); crust suborbicular
tartareous thick white smooth areolate tinged at the
edges with flesh-colour, apothecia copious suborbicular flattish
with an elevated border when young which afterwards disappears,
powder very white. Ach. Syn. p. 132. Turn, and
Borr. Lich. Br. p. 69. E. Bot. t. 2410. Lichen lacteus, Linn.
Mant.— (3. armaria; crust continuous dirty lead-colour, apothecia
elevated nearly spheerical. Turn, and Borr. I. c.
Rocks, in mountainous countries. /3. sandstone rocks, Sussex, Mr.
Borrer. Ireland, Mr. J. T. Mackay.
9. V. cinerea, Sm. (ash-coloured Variolaria); crust orbicular
tartareous thin ash-coloured cracked its circumference indeterminate,
apothecia orbicular very small white with an elevated
margin and a flesh-coloured disk. E. Bot. t. 2411.
On whinstone, in Durham, Rev. Mr. Harriman.— Sir Jas. E. Smith
remarks upon this (with which I am unacquainted); " It has been considered
a variety of V. lactea, but we presume to think it as distinct as
any other of the genus, differing from V. lactea in the grey ashy colour
and greater tenuity of the crust, but especially in the margin being indeterminate."
10. V. multipunctala, Turn, (many-dotted Variolarid); crust
orbicular between filmy and tartareous thin rugulose glaucouswhite
surrounded by an even polished very thin white border,
apothecia abundant hemisphserical compound dotted with an
inflexed border, powder white not copious. Turn, in Linn.
Trans, v. 9. p. 137. t. 10. /. 1. Ach. Syn. p. 129. Turn, and
Lichen multipunctatus, E. Bot. t. 2061 .-r- Borr. Lich. Br. p. 73.
—
(3. laevigata ; crust cream-coloured scarcely cracked or rugose,
—
apothecia depressed. Turn, and Borr. I. c.
Beech-trees in Sussex, common, Mr. Borrer. New Forest, Air. Lyell.
Durham, Mr. Robson and Mr. TliornhiU.—0. St. Leonard's Forest, on
Beech and Oak, Mr. Borrer.
11. V. veldta, Ach. (veiled Variolarid) ; crust limited membranaceo-verrucose
wrinkled greyish with a pale edge, apothecia
small crowded, the disk yellowish veiled with a white membrane,
border thick even of the substance of the crust, powder
none. Ach. Syn. p. 119 Parmelia velata, Turn, in LJnn. Trans.
v. 9. p. 143/*. 12. £ 1.—Lichen velatus, E. Bot. t. 2062.
;