The English flora - SeaweedAfrica

198 LICHENES. [Parmelia.
On trees, in mountainous countries ;
lakes.
—
especially near the sea and near
3. P. microphyllum, (small-leaved Cushion Placodiuni); thallus
slightly imbricated depressed fragmentary on a dense black
fibrous cushion, its segments grey lobed crenated and granulated
at the edge, apothecia tawny with a paler smooth border.
Lecidea
Sm.—Lichen microphyllus, Schrad.—E. Bot. t. 2128.
— —
microphylla, var. triptophylla, Ach. Syn. p. 53.
On trees, Bodmin, Mr. D. Turner. Loch Katrine and other places
in the Highlands of Scotland.
4. P. dcedaleum, (Jine-lobed imbricated Placodiuni); thallus
closely imbricated radiated membranous very smooth brownishgrey
pale with black fibres beneath its segments linear obtuse
undulated, apothecia black with a black border of their own
substance. Sm.—Lichen dcedaleus, E. Bot. t. 2129.
Scotland, on rocks ? Mr. Menzies. (E. Bot.)
III. Thallus loose, scarcely attached, except by Jibres or radicles
or a small base, to the substance on which it grows.
A. Upper surface different from the under.
a. Attachment of the thallus diffuse (notfixed by a central point).
x. Apothecia scutelliform, discoid, bordered, attached by the centre.
* Thallus more or less membranaceous.
Fam. IX. Parmeliace/E.
18. Parmelia. Ach. Parmelia.
Thallus foliaceous, membranaceous or coriaceous, spreading,
lobed and stellated or laciniated, more or less fibrous beneath.
Apothecia (scutellce) orbicular, beneath formed of the thallus,
free, fixed only by a central point, the disk concave, coloured,
the border formed by the inflexed thallus.—Named from vagMi
a small shield, and ifkia, to surround or enclose; in allusion to
the apothecia being surrounded by a border of the crust.
* Thallus with its segments not inflated at the extremity.
1. P. glomulifera, Ach. (cjlomuliferous Parmelia); thallus sub-
cartilaginous orbicular glaucous-grey broadly and irregularly
lobed and sinuated, bearing large and tufted warts and excrescences
of a dark greenish-brown colour, beneath tawny and
downy, apothecia red-brown with an elevated border. Ach.
Syn. p. 195. Lichen glomidiferus, Lighif.— E. Bot. t. 293.
Trunks of old trees, in mountainous countries.
2. P. caperdta, Ach. {wrinkled sulphur Parmelia); thallus submembranaceous
orbicular pale sulphur-colour lobed sinuated and
crenate granulose in the centre black and hispid beneath, apo-
thecia scattered bright chestnut frith an elevated incurved bor-
der. Ach. Syn. p. 196.