The English flora - SeaweedAfrica

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Variolaria.] LICHENES. 169
On calcareous stones, in the walls of old churches, &c. frequent
sometimes on plastered walls. /J. on brick walls, y. on limestone
rocks, Killarney, Sir T. Gage.
4. V. glob alt/era, Turn, (globuliferous Variolaria) ; crust
orbicular somewhat tartareous tliickish glaucescent rugose
sprinkled all over with white soredia and surrounded by a
somewhat zonate border of various colours, apothecia large
spherical depressed at the apex where they at length burst
irregularly becoming scutelliform with a lacerated border,
powder white. Turn, in Linn. Trans, v. 9. p. 139. t. 10. /. 2.
Turn, and JBorr. Lick, Br. p. 60. Ach. Syn.p. 130.— V. glomulifera,
Ach. Lick. Univ. p. 322. t. 5. 9.
f. Lichen g lobu lifer its,
E. Bot. t. 2003.
On old Oaks at Hurst-pierpoint, and on Beech-trees in the Sussex
Forests, Mr. Borrer.
5. V. discoidea, Pers. (insipid zoned Variolarici); crust orbicular
somewhat tartareous tliickish glaucous- white surrounded
by ft zonate border of various colours, apothecia numerous flat
with a thick border, powder snowy-white. Turn, and Borr.
Lich. Br. p. 61.— V. amara, c. discoidea, Ach. Syn. p. 132.
—Lichen discoideus, Ach. Prodr.? E. Bot. t. 1714.
—
—
;
Dill.
Muse. p. 18./. 11. D.
Common on the bark of trees, and, occasionally, on pales, walls, and
rocks.
6. V. faginea, Pers. (bitter zoned Variolaria); crust orbicular
somewhat tartareous tliickish glaucous-white surrounded by a
zonate border of various colours, apothecia very abundant
convex with an obsolete border, powder snowy-white. Turn.
and Borr. Lich. llr. p. 64.— V. communis, b. faginea f Ach.
Syn. p. 130. Lichen fagineus, Linn.—E. Bot. t. 1713.
Common on the bark of trees, especially of old Beech, and on pales.
— " The intensely bitter taste of this Lichen distinguishes it from ever)
ies hitherto discovere I. It is upon this circumstance, which we
have never found to vary, that we have been induced to place our
chief reliance in making V. faginea and V. discoidea, distinct; for it
must not be dissembled that the\ are two plants which nearly agree in
almost even? other particular; and which have been confounded b) the
great majority of authors." Turn, and Borr.— M. Braconnol detected
in this and several other crustaceous Lichens, oxalic acid; inthepresenl
plant in Mich abundance that 100 parts \ icldcd Is of lime, combined with
89.
I of oxalic acid: and nearl\ tin- same quantity in several other CTU8-
taceOUfl Lichen^. And he remarks that the oxalate of lime heart the
same relation to the Cryptogamia as carbonate of lime to corals, and
phosphate of lime to the bony structure of the more perfect animals.
It diminishes, however, gradually in the family of Lichens, in proportion
ai the Bpeciet lose their general crastai eons texture and approach more
and more to the membranous or cartilaginous, although the latter
Braconnot Btr<
M also contain a considerable 1
quantity of saltrecom
mended the adoption 01 I in the production of oxalic acid,
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