The English flora - SeaweedAfrica

—
150 LICHENES. [Verrucaria.
«. On the thin epidermis of the Birch. /3. on the smooth bark of
young Oaks in Sussex, Mr. Borrer, who now considers it a variety of
V. epidermidis.
5. V. punctiformis, Pers. (brownish Bark Verrucaria); crust
determinate very thin smooth continuous rusty-brown, apothecia
very minute black hemispherical umbilicated. Ach. Syn.
p. 87. Lichen punctif., E. Bot. t. 2412.
Smooth bark of Ash-trees, Mr. Borrer.—Closely allied to V. epider-
midis, /3. analepta ,• but the crust is of a more reddish-brown or rustyhue,
the apothecia are still more minute and so much umbilicated as to
be occasionally almost cup-shaped.
6. V. olivdcea, Pers. (olive crusted Bark Verrucaria); crust
determinate filmy continuous or slightly cracked roughish olivegreen,
apothecia prominent hemisphserical or somewhat conical
black slightly rugose, the crust rising about their base or in-
vesting the whole surface. Borr Pers. inUst. Ann. fasc. 1 .p. 28.
p. 3. / 6. B. a. b. Borr. in E. Bot. Suppl. p. 2598./. 1.— V.
carpinea, Ach. Syn. p. 88.
On the smooth trunks of Thorns, Ash-trees, &c, Mr. Borrer, who
remarks that it is indeed closely allied to V. epidermidis, and differs
from it chiefly by the more considerable and somewhat rugged crust.
7. V. rhyponta, Ach. (black-stain Bark Verrucaria); crust
roundish filmy continuous roughish as if minutely flocculose
black, apothecia very minute prominent hemispherical black
for the most part slightly rugose. Borr.—Ach. Syn. p. 89.
Borr. in E. Bot. t. 2597./. 2.
On the trunks of young trees, New Forest, Hants, C. Lycll, Esq.
Sussex, Mr. Borrer.— It grows parasitically on Opegrapha scripta, or
rather, to all appearance, Mr. Borrer observes, it is formed beneath the
crust of that plant and gradually bursts through and destroys it in little
stain-like spots. The less spreading thallus and the more minute tubercles
seem to distinguish this little plant from V. olivacea ; yet Mr. Lyell
has found on Beech bark, in the New Forest, a dark olive-crusted Ver-
rucaria, nearly intermediate in both respects.
8. V. gemmdta, Ach. (large-fruited Bark Verrucaria?); crust
indeterminate almost filmy continuous or somewhat cracked
nearly smooth whitish, apothecia large prominent hemisphserical
or deformed naked or invested with a very thin film. Borr.
—Ach. Sy?i. p. 90. Purt. Fl. v. 3. p. 162. Borr. in E. Bot.
t. 2617./. 2.— V. alba, Schrad.—Schccr. Lich. Heir. p. 55. n. 105.
Frequent on the trunks of trees, especially of Ash.—The largest of
the British Verrucarice growing on bark, if we except the V. nitida ; but
most allied to the following species.
9. V. biformis, Borr. (deceptive Bark Verrucaria); crust indeterminate
filmy continuous or sparingly cracked slightly rugose
'or smooth or somewhat powdery greyish, apothecia small
prominent hemisphserical invested with a thin film. Borr. in
E. Bot. Suppl. t. 2617. f. 1. Schcer. Lich. Helv.p. 57. n. 109.
Not unfrequent on young Oaks, sometimes on Ash and other trees.
Mr. Borrer,— " An obscure and puzzling lichen ; in some states ap-