The English flora - SeaweedAfrica

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Gyrophora.] LICHENES. 217
plish-brown besprinkled with superficial or marginal dark
powdery warts, apothecia red-brown broader than long on short
proper lobules. Ach. Syn. p. 242 Lichen parilis, Ach. Prodr.
—E. Bot. t. 2360.
In an old stone-quarry, in Shropshire, Rev. E. WiUiavu, (E. Bot.).—
I am not aware that any British Botanist has met with this Lichen, ex-
cept Mr. Williams : nor was he so fortunate as to detect its fructification,
which Acharius describes from Swedish specimens. Sir J. E. Smith
found it in Switzerland, but always barren.
b. Attachment of the more or less orbicular thallus by the centre.
Fam. XII. Umbilicarie.e.
24. Gyrophora. Ach. Gyrophora.
Thallus foliaceous, coriaceous or membranaceous, fixed by the
centre, peltate. Apothecia (trices or gyromata) orbicular, subscutelliform,
sessile and adnate, covered by a black membrane,
the dish marked with concentric circles or plicce, with a border or'
its own substance.—Name; yvsog, a circle and pogog, fertile, from
the peculiar nature of the apothecia.—Various species of this
Genus (and they are found in cold rocky situations, especially
on granite, in almost all parts of the world) constitute the Tripe
de roche of the Canadians and with G. proboscidea, G. vellea,
and a few other American ones, Capt. Sir J. Franklin and his
brave companions were supported in Arctic America, during a
season of want such as, happily, few human beings have been
subjected to. They are, however, bitter and nauseous, and can
only be employed in the total absence of every other salutary
food.
1. Gr, polyphijUa. {many-leaved Gyrophora'); thallus naked and
smooth on both sides dark olive-brown shining above dull-black
beneath variously lobed &1 the margin simple or many-leaved,
apothecia convex rough and plaited.— Lichen polyphyllue, Linn.
— /,'. Hot.t. L282.— I mbilicaria polyphylla, Schrad— Hoffm, PL
Lich. t. 59. f. '2.— Gyrophora glabra^ Ach. Syrup* b ,; k
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Lichen
glaber, Ach* Met It.— Umbilicaria tenea, y.. Schorr. Lnh. Ihlc.
Spicil.p. 90. Lid,. Exsicc. n. 149,—Dili Muse. t. 30./ 129*
Hocks in mountainous countries, frequent.
2. (J. proboscidea, Ach* (Proboscis Gyrophora); thallus sim-
ple membranaceous rugose with elevated reticulations of
smoky-brown colour lobed and erose at tin- margin beneath
BubfibriUose and paler, apothecia rather convex variously plaited.
Ach. Syn, />. 64. //. Bot, t. 2484. Lichen prehotcideu*\\
Ach. Prodr, p, 1 17.— L,deuaiue% Lii/htf.— Umbilicaria poiymor-
jiha. -J. Stlm r. Lich. Ilch\ Spied. />. 88, Lich. ExsicC. n. 148.
I mbilioaria congesta, Hoffm, LI. Lich. t. \.\. f. 4 — ".- -. arctica;
thicker and more rigid, more obtusely corrugated and sprinkled
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