Recasting Citizenship for Development - File UPI

Migrant Tribal Women’s Struggle for Livelihood 127
Employment through the EAS
What is important is that the employment must be gainful as well as
sustainable. As far as the implementation of the EAS during the lean
agricultural season is concerned, a large number (47.05 per cent) of
beneficiaries found employment for only up to 15 days and 30 per cent
respondents for between 16–30 days. In other words, only 77.05 per
cent of the total sample could find employment only for about 30 days.
The percentage of those who found employment for between 76–90 days
is very small (5.32 per cent). This analysis indicates that employment
has not been provided to the tribal women to the required extent
(see Table 6.2).
Table 6.2
Employment through EAS
Employment through EAS No.
Respondents
Per cent
1–15 80 47.05
16–30 51 30.00
31–45 12 07.05
46–60 14 08.23
61–75 04 02.35
76–90 09 05.32
Total 170 100.00
Employment at Migrated Locations
As employment opportunities in the district are very few, the tribals need
to migrate to nearby cities/states in search of employment. It is important
to note that tribals always migrate as a family group. An attempt was
made to estimate the duration of employment of tribal women when
they migrate to other places. Only 5 per cent respondents migrate for a
period exceeding three months. The majority of tribal families migrate
only up to a period of 60 days in a year, as 77.2 per cent of the respondents
from our sample stated. They also stated that at the migrated locations,
they were subject to some of the worst exploitation. On the basis of the
data, it can be said that the tribals migrate only for a specific and short
duration when employment opportunities in the district cease to exist.
They do prefer to return to their homes as soon as they find the possibility
of employment. It is, therefore, important to ensure that employment