Recasting Citizenship for Development - File UPI

178 DEEPAK K. MISHRA AND VANDANA UPADHYAY
Table 8.8
District-wise Gender Gap in Literacy in Arunachal Pradesh: 1991–2001
Gender Gap in Literacy Rate
Districts 1991 2001
Tawang 35.82 30.28
West Kameng 19.81 22.83
East Kameng 23.67 23.77
Papum Pare 22.47 16.92
Lower Subansiri 17.55 17.36
Upper Subansiri 20.34 18.85
West Siang 18.01 15.07
East Siang 16.74 16.00
Upper Siang 21.97 19.92
Dibang Valley 22.64 18.55
Lohit 22.81 21.20
Changlang 24.80 22.90
Tirap 24.92 24.52
Arunachal Pradesh 21.76 20.30
Source: Census of India, 2001, Final Population Totals, 2001.
Notes: (i) Literacy rate is the percentage of literates to total population aged 7 years and
above.
(ii) Adult Literacy Rate has been estimated as percentage of literates among the
15+ population.
cent of boys in 1981. The incidence of girl child workers was considerably
higher in rural areas than in urban areas of the state. In comparative
terms, the percentage of working girl children was higher than in any
other northeastern state, with the exception of Meghalaya and Mizoram.
The percentage of working girls in the 5–14 age group is clearly not an
adequate measure of the extent of the prevalence of child labour, but it
does indicate that girls face significant disadvantages at a very early stage
in their lives. Special attention has to be given to the additional constraints
faced by girl child workers in programmes aimed at the elimination of
child labour.
According to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-II (IIPS and
ORC Macro 2002), 18.3 per cent of children in the age group 6–14 years
were not enrolled in school—14.1 per cent of the boys and 22.7 per cent
of the girls. In the age group 6–10 years, the gender gap in school attendance
was even wider. Among the boys who never attended schools, the
distance of the school from their homes was the most important reason,
followed by ‘not having interest in studies’. Among the girls the most