The Status of Nepal's Mammals: The National Red List Series - IUCN

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203 References Mistry 1995, Suwal and Verheugt 1995, Bates and Harrison 1997, Molur et al. 2002, Baral and Shah 2008, Giri 2009, Thapa et al. 2009ab, Adhikari 2010, Hari Adhikari (pers. comm.) 2010, Thapa 2010b, Sanjan Thapa (pers. comm.) 2010. 167) Kerivoula picta (Pallas, 1767) Common Names Painted Bat (English); Rangichangi Chamero (Nepali) Synonyms Vespertilio pictus (Pallas, 1767); Vespertilio kirivoula (Cuvier, 1832) Species Description Pelage is long, dense and woolly, dorsal surface bright orange to tawny-red, ventral surface buff coloured with orange hue on the flanks. Wings bright orange to black. Muzzle very hairy, naked nostrils slightly protuberant facing outwards and slightly downwards. Hairy lips and feet. Ears relatively large, anterior border smoothly concave, the tip rounded off and distinct concavity just below the tip on the posterior border. Tragus tall and narrow, anterior margin slightly convex, posterior margin has a basal projection at the widest part, above with a small shallow concavity. Species Ecology The Painted Bat occurs in plantations and deciduous forests and is insectivorous. Little is known about the reproductive behaviour of this species. Conservation Status Global: Least Concern National: Least Concern Rationale for assessment: This species is considered Least Concern in view of its presence within protected areas and presumed large population despite being regarded as uncommon. Legal Status National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 2029 (1973). This species occurs within protected areas. National Population Size There is no information available on the population size of this species in Nepal. National Distribution This species has been reported from two of the protected areas in the lowlands, Bardia and Chitwan National Parks and Pokhara. Distribution outside Nepal Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Viet Nam. Main Threats • Habitat loss and degradation. • Human disturbance. References Suwal and Verheugt 1995, Myers et al. 2000, Molur et al. 2002, Baral and Shah 2008.
168) Megaderma lyra (E. Geoffroy, 1810) Common Names Greater False Vampire Bat (English); Nakkali Boxi Chamero (Nepali) Synonyms Vespertilio carnatica (Elliot, 1839); Megaderma spectrum (Wagner, 1844); Megaderma schistacea (Hodgson, 1847); Encheira lyra caurina, Megaderma lyra caurina (Andersen & Wroughton, 1907) Species Description A very distinctive bat due to the large grey-black ears which are joined for at least two thirds of their length. Pelage is grey, long and soft. Wing membranes are grey-black with pinkish arms and legs. The bat’s snout is naked and has a tall nose-leaf that resembles two joined ovals. Species Ecology Greater False Vampire Bat can occur in a wide variety of habitats and will roost in old buildings, caves, temples, tunnels, attics, stone mines and cow sheds in elevations up to 923 m. It feeds on insects and small vertebrates. The Greater False Vampire Bat breeds once a year, producing a single young after a gestation period of around 150 days. Conservation Status Global: Least Concern National: Least Concern Rationale for assessment: This species is considered Least Concern in view of a fairly abundant population and distribution with no major threats causing significant decline. Legal Status National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 2029 (1973). This species occurs within protected areas. National Population Size Overall this is a common species though there are no comprehensive assessments for Nepal. A colony of 300 individuals was observed at an abandoned house in Bahundangi, Jhapa which is the largest recorded colony of Greater False Vampire Bat in Nepal. National Distribution Occurs across the mid-hills including Kathmandu (Chobar, Shivapuri-Nagarjun National Park), Barabise, Dolakha district and a number of locations along the eastern Terai, south of Parsa Wildlife Reserve, Sunsari (Kushaha), Morang (Biratnagar) and Jhapa (Bahundangi). Distribution outside Nepal Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Viet Nam. Main Threats • Disturbance. • Loss of roosting sites. Conservation Measures in Place The colony in Bahundangi, Jhapa is protected by the local community, after a community awareness programme. 204
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The Status of Nepal’s Mammals: Th
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The Status of Nepal’s Mammals: Th
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Preface It is with great pleasure t
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Himalayan Nature for use of the ill
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viii
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eing the predominant practice. The
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Figure 1: Protected areas of Nepal.
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Status of Nepal’s Mammals Of the
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Figure 3: Status of mammals in Nepa
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Bat species make up almost a quarte
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increasing. Tuberculosis is an incr
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Table 4: Primary, secondary and ter
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Legal Status This includes both int
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UNGULATES [CETARTIODACTYLA (Includi
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Conservation Measures in Place None
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References Prater 1971, Suwal and V
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is so small that it has been deemed
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7) Bubalus arnee (Kerr, 1792) Commo
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months. Asian Elephants can live up
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May to September, after a gestation
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National Distribution This species
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isk to the species including foot-a
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13) Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas
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Species Ecology The Gaur occurs in
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Although estimates of Kiang numbers
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• Habitat loss and degradation du
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have been observed to migrate to hi
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LEAST CONCERN 20) Pseudois nayaur (
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Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Monteneg
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Distribution outside Nepal Banglade
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including Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve
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National Distribution This species
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CARNIVORES [CARNIVORA] 58
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Finland, France, Georgia, Germany,
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References Pasitschniak-Arts 1993 (
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32) Cuon alpinus (Pallas, 1811) Com
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effect from populations in India is
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Distribution outside Nepal Banglade
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36) Melursus ursinus (Shaw, 1791) C
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gated threats, namely poaching for
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National Distribution Royal Bengal
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Conservation Measures in Place Gove
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41) Prionodon pardicolor (Hodgson,
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Sagarmatha, Langtang, Shivapuri Nag
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i) Conduct research using direct an
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45) Panthera pardus (Schlegel, 1857
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spanning the country. Although the
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NEAR THREATENED 48) Lutra lutra (Li
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species is omnivorous and feeds on
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Conservation Status Global: Least C
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Conservation Status Global: Least C
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Afghanistan, Albania, Armenia, Aust
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References Suwal and Verheugt 1995,
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DATA DEFICIENT 60) Aonyx cinerea (I
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62) Arctonyx collaris (F.G. Cuvier,
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information available to make an ac
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67) Mustela strigidorsa (Gray, 1853
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maturity at 18 to 24 months for fem
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gestation period of 49 to 55 days.
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PRIMATES 112
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National Distribution The Assam Mac
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to that of S. enetellus, which has
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Conservation Status Global: Endange
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SMALL MAMMALS [EULIPOTYPHLA, LAGOMO
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References Suwal and Veheught 1995,
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occurs in neighbouring countries, i
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(15 to 18 scales over the body). Sc
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National: Least Concern Rationale f
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tolerance of a broad range of habit
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89) Dremomys lokriah (Hodgson, 1836
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91) Episoriculus leucops (Horsfield
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Species Description Red-brown roden
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Rationale for assessment: This spec
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References Suwal and Verheugt 1995,
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(Blyth, 1852); Mus cunicularis (Bly
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Species Description Fur usually his
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the National Parks). Distribution o
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107) Petaurista petaurista (Pallas,
Page 161 and 162: 109) Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout,
Page 163 and 164: Species Description A medium-sized
Page 165 and 166: murinus fulvocinereus, Crocidura (P
Page 167 and 168: Least Concern in view of its wide d
Page 169 and 170: 118) Alticola stoliczkanus (Blanfor
Page 171 and 172: Legal Status National Parks and Wil
Page 173 and 174: Species Description Grey body above
Page 175 and 176: 126) Dacnomys millardi (Thomas, 191
Page 177 and 178: 129) Euroscaptor micrura (Hodgson,
Page 179 and 180: 131) Hystrix indica (Kerr, 1792) Co
Page 181 and 182: cervicolor palnica (Thomas, 1924) S
Page 183 and 184: Species Ecology The Elegant Water S
Page 185 and 186: 139) Ochotona curzoniae (Hodgson, 1
Page 187 and 188: occurring in high alpine deserts an
Page 189 and 190: National Park, Rara National Park a
Page 191 and 192: species is lacking a median dorsal
Page 193 and 194: 149) Rattus andamanensis (Blyth, 18
Page 195 and 196: 152) Sorex minutus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Page 197 and 198: 154) Suncus stoliczkanus (Anderson,
Page 199 and 200: BATS [CHIROPTERA] 190
Page 201 and 202: Conservation Measures in Place None
Page 203 and 204: Conservation Status Global: Least C
Page 205 and 206: 160) Philetor brachypterus (Temminc
Page 207 and 208: 162) Murina aurata (Milne-Edwards,
Page 209 and 210: LEAST CONCERN 164) Barbastella leuc
Page 211: References Suwal and Verheught 1995
Page 215 and 216: References Csorba et al. 1999, Myer
Page 217 and 218: 172) Myotis muricola (Gray, 1864) C
Page 219 and 220: 174) Myotis siligorensis (Horsfield
Page 221 and 222: 176) Pipistrellus javanicus (Gray,
Page 223 and 224: 178) Pteropus giganteus (Brünnich,
Page 225 and 226: References Suwal and Verheugt 1995,
Page 227 and 228: 182) Rhinolophus macrotis (Blyth, 1
Page 229 and 230: 184) Rhinolophus pusillus (Temminck
Page 231 and 232: 186) Rousettus leschenaultii (Desma
Page 233 and 234: References Suwal and Verheugt 1995,
Page 235 and 236: National Distribution This species
Page 237 and 238: 193) Hesperoptenus tickelli (Blyth,
Page 239 and 240: dilapidated buildings, temples, cav
Page 241 and 242: 198) Murina huttoni (Peters, 1872)
Page 243 and 244: above the projecting basal lobule.
Page 245 and 246: Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia,
Page 247 and 248: 205) Rhinolophus subbadius (Blyth,
Page 249 and 250: Pelage long and dense, grey-brown a
Page 251 and 252: 242
Page 253 and 254: Basille, M., Calengea, C., Marbouti
Page 255 and 256: Dhungel, S. K. & O’Gara, B. W. (1
Page 257 and 258: Hutson, A.M., Spitzenberger, F., Au
Page 259 and 260: Mayer, F., Petit, E. & Helversen, O
Page 261 and 262: Roberts, M. S. & Gittleman, J. L. (
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Thapa, S.B. (2009). First phase sur
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256
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Mustela erminea Ermine DD Mustela k
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Nectogale elegans Elegant Water Shr
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Appendix II Summary of the five cri
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Appendix IV: Major roads in Nepal 2
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Appendix VI: Major river systems in
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The Status of Nepal's Mammals: The National Red List Series - IUCN

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