The Status of Nepal's Mammals: The National Red List Series - IUCN

National Distribution
Royal Bengal Tiger populations exist in fragmented
locations in the Terai region and core sub
populations are concentrated in the protected areas
of Bardia National Park, Chitwan National Park, Parsa
Wildlife Reserve and Shukla Phanta Wildlife Reserve
and the districts of Banke, Bara, Bardia, Chitwan,
Dang, Kailali, Kanchanpur, Makawanpur,
Nawalparasi, Parsa and Rupandehi. This area was
once a continuous subtropical forest zone but tigers
are now isolated to the remnants of remaining
suitable habitat. Most tigers exist within protected
areas however approximately a quarter remain
outside.
Distribution outside Nepal
India, Bangladesh, Bhutan.
Main Threats
• Poaching and illegal trade.
• Reduction in prey base.
• Habitat fragmentation or modification.
• Human-tiger conflict.
Conservation Measures in Place
Tiger Conservation Action Plan 2008-2012 of Nepal
TAL (Terai Arc Landscape) - Nepal Strategic Plan
2004-2014. The Nepal Government has made a
commitment to double Tiger numbers by 2022.
A number of national and international NGOs are
specifically supporting various conservation
activities and programmes in the remaining
protected areas to conserve tigers. Human-wildlife
conflict issues are being addressed by the
Government providing relief to victim’s families.
Conservation Recommendations
i) Enhance law enforcement systems for strict
protection of wild tigers and their core breeding
areas.
ii) Implement systematic patrols in both protected
areas and buffer zones.
iii) Strengthen intelligence network.
iv) Maintain large prey base population and their
habitats.
v) Implement capacity development programmes
to achieve effective landscape and protected area
management.
vi) Stop infrastructure/development projects in core
tiger breeding areas.
vii) Develop strategies for protecting tigers from
retaliatory killings; develop strategies for effective
and sustainable conflict mitigation.
viii) Increase awareness, education and community
engagement activities.
ix) Enhance trans-boundary cooperation for
combating illegal trade in wildlife, maintaining
ecological integrity in the tiger landscapes and
promoting tiger tourism.
x) Protect national and international biological
corridors, controlling and managing encroachment
in the remaining grasslands of Terai.
References
Prater 1971, McDougal 1977, Sunquist 1981, Smith et al. 1987, Smith 1993b, Suwal and Verheugt 1995, Smith
et al. 1997, Gurung et al. 2006, DNPWC 2007, Dinerstein 2009, DNPWC 2009abc, Karki et al. 2009, Karki 2010.
39) Panthera uncia (Schreber, 1775)
Common Names
Snow Leopard (English); Hiun Chituwa (Nepali)
Synonyms
Uncia uncia (Schreber, 1775)
Species Description
Has a luxuriant pale smokey-grey coat with dark
grey rosettes, black spots on limbs and face.
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