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Chapter 2<br />

2.8. Summary<br />

All 13 strains were able to form a bi<strong>of</strong>ilm after 48 hours; this may have<br />

serious implications for the food industry, who may choose surfaces such<br />

as stainless steel as a food contact surface due to ability to clean the<br />

surface.<br />

It is evident from the results that tile consistently supported more dense<br />

bi<strong>of</strong>ilm formation across the 13 strains. This has not been reported<br />

elsewhere although tile has been shown to allow attachment and transfer<br />

<strong>of</strong> S. Typhimurium to foods [192].<br />

To summarise S. enterica bi<strong>of</strong>ilm formation may be dependent on serotype,<br />

substratum and possibly the origin <strong>of</strong> the sample may play a role. However<br />

the evidence if anything suggests that the outbreak strain S. Agona<br />

SAGOXB.0066 has a lesser propensity for bi<strong>of</strong>ilm formation although given<br />

the extent <strong>of</strong> intra-run variation it is uncertain how much weight can be<br />

give to the apparent differences.<br />

The broad range on differences on repeated values <strong>of</strong> testing the strains on<br />

the same surfaces highlights that caution should be used when assigning<br />

practical significance to minor differences observed in laboratory models.<br />

However it is important to highlight that this variance is similar to what has<br />

been reported elsewhere using the CBR, including the manufacturers <strong>of</strong> the<br />

model who devised the optimum conditions for the bi<strong>of</strong>ilm development.<br />

However, on a number <strong>of</strong> occasions the work described in previous<br />

literature does not incorporate a large range <strong>of</strong> multiple runs. Perhaps one<br />

<strong>of</strong> the key findings from this work is that due to inter-run variability, the<br />

experiments should be replicated on a number <strong>of</strong> occasions to determine<br />

the accuracy <strong>of</strong> the findings.<br />

Page 87

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