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Bibliography 83. Ledeboer, N., Frye, J., McClelland, M., and Jones, B., Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium requires the Lpf, Pef, and tafi fimbriae for biofilm formation on HEp-2 tissue culture cells and chicken intestinal epithelium. 2006. Infection and Immunity. 74(6): 3156-3169. 84. Prouty, A.M. and J.S. Gunn, Comparative Analysis of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Biofilm Formation on Gallstones and on Glass. 2003. Infection and Immunity. 71(12): 7154-7158. 85. Barak, J.D., Courtney J. E., Gibson, D. L.,Charkowski, A. O., The Role of Cellulose and O-Antigen Capsule in the Colonization of Plants by Salmonella enterica. 2007. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions. 20(9): 1083-1091. 86. Malcova, M., Hradecka, H., Karpiskova, R., and Rychlik, I., Biofilm formation in field strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium: Identification of a new colony morphology type and the role of SGI1 in biofilm formation. 2008. Veterinary Microbiology. 129(3–4): 360-366. 87. Römling, U., Molecular biology of cellulose production in bacteria. 2002. Research in Microbiology. 153(4): 205-212. 88. Gualdi, L., Tagliabue, L., Bertagnoli, S., Ieranò, T., De Castro, C., and Landini, P., Cellulose modulates biofilm formation by counteracting curli-mediated colonization of solid surfaces in Escherichia coli. 2008. Microbiology. 154(7): 2017-2024. 89. White, A., et al., Thin aggregative fimbriae and cellulose enhance long-term survival and persistence of Salmonella. 2006. J Bacteriol. 188: 3219 - 3227. 90. Gibson, D., White, A., Snyder, S., Martin, S., Heiss, C., Azadi, P., Surette, M., and Kay, W., Salmonella produces an O-antigen capsule regulated by AgfD and important for environmental persistence. 2006. Journal of Bacteriology. 188(22): 7722-7730. Page 231
Bibliography 91. Snyder, D.S., et al., Structure of a capsular polysaccharide isolated from Salmonella Enteritidis. 2006. Carbohydrate Research. 341(14): 2388-2397. 92. Crawford, R., Gibson, D., Kay, W., and Gunn, J., Identification of a bile-induced exopolysaccharide required for Salmonella biofilm formation on gallstone surfaces. 2008. Infection and Immunity. 76(11): 5341-5349. 93. Kim, S., and Wei, C., Molecular characterization of biofilm formation and attachment of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium DT104 on food contact surfaces. 2009. Journal of Food Protection. 72(9): 1841-1847. 94. Römling, U., Rohde, M, Flagella modulate the multicellular behavior of Salmonella Typhimurium on the community level. 1999. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 180: 91 - 102. 95. Solano, C., Sesma, B., Alvarez, M., Humphrey, TJ., Thorns, CJ., Gamazo, C, Discrimination of strains of Salmonella Enteritidis with differing levels of virulence by an in vitro glass adherence test. 1998. J Clin Microbiol. 36: 674 - 678. 96. Solomon, E.B., Niemira, B. A., Sapers, G. M., Annous, B. A., Biofilm formation, cellulose production, and curli biosynthesis by Salmonella originating from produce, animal, and clinical sources. 2005. Journal of Food Protection. 68(5): 906-912. 97. Brooks, J.D. and S.H. Flint, Biofilms in the food industry: problems and potential solutions. 2008. International Journal of Food Science & Technology. 43(12): 2163-2176. 98. Rodrigues, D., Teixeira, P., Oliveira, R., Azeredo, J., Salmonella enterica Enteritidis Biofilm Formation and Viability on Regular and Triclosan-Impregnated Bench Cover Materials. 2011. Journal of Food Protection. 74: 32-37. 99. Van Houdt, R. and C.W. Michiels, Biofilm formation and the food industry, a focus on the bacterial outer surface. 2010. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 109(4): 1117-1131. Page 232
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Salmonella enterica - biofilm forma
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Table of Contents Page Number 1.16.
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Table of Contents Page Number 4.1.2
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Table of Contents Page Number 6.8.4
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List of Abbreviations Table Page Nu
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List of Abbreviations List of Abbre
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Summary of Content Summary of Conte
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“To show your true ability is alw
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Acknowledgements ever met, Fiona th
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Acknowledgements This Ph.D. thesis
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Chapter 1 1.1. Salmonella Salmonell
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Chapter 1 may impose enormous costs
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Chapter 1 cracks or penetration of
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Chapter 1 detected by agglutination
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Chapter 1 become colonized with >10
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Chapter 1 antigens [z27],[z45] [1].
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Chapter 1 S. Agona has also been im
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Chapter 1 isolated from undercooked
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Chapter 1 The S. Typhimurium strain
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Chapter 1 ecosystem with the use of
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Chapter 1 [82]. Previous research h
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Chapter 1 to genes involved in flag
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Chapter 1 observation has also been
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Chapter 1 [119] and flow cell react
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Chapter 1 based disinfectant) the s
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Chapter 1 formation of two strains
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Chapter 1 shield the S. Agona cells
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Chapter 1 Key Objectives of this st
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Chapter 2 2. Abstract Food-borne pa
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Chapter 2 indicated that there may
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Chapter 2 taken from industrial set
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Chapter 2 2.1.4. CDC Biofilm Reacto
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Chapter 2 can be performed without
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Chapter 2 To summarise, previous au
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Chapter 2 2.3. Methods for examinin
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Chapter 2 and the biofilm formed th
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Chapter 2 2.4. Statistical Analysis
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Chapter 2 Table 2.1: Strain charact
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Chapter 2 XII. The gas port and med
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Chapter 2 II. Primary fixative cons
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Chapter 2 IX. Once the conditions w
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.1: Image of CBR
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Chapter 2 2.6. Results 2.6.1. Asses
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Chapter 2 2.6.3. SEM Analysis of su
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.6: Complete remo
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Chapter 2 2.6.5. Mean log 10 densit
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Chapter 2 2.6.6. Mean log 10 densit
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Chapter 2 Table 2.5: Mean log 10 de
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Chapter 2 The results displayed in
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Chapter 2 Table 2.7: Difference bet
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Chapter 2 Table 2.8: The mean log 1
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.7: Graph of the
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Chapter 2 also used “high” soni
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Chapter 2 2.8. Summary All 13 strai
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Chapter 3 3. Abstract It has been e
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Chapter 3 classified as persistent
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Chapter 3 was plated onto TSA for e
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Chapter 3 Figure 3.1: The mean log
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Chapter 3 Figure 3.3: SEM image of
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Chapter 3 Table 3.2: Difference bet
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Chapter 3 3.4.3. Intra-serovar vari
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Chapter 3 3.4.4. Strain variation i
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Chapter 3 3.4.5. The density of bio
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Chapter 3 3.5. Discussion As illust
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Chapter 3 As discussed in section 3
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Chapter 3 increased biofilm appeare
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Chapter 4 Examining the efficacy of
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Chapter 4 through laboratory based
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Chapter 4 acid and quaternary ammon
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Chapter 4 the surface the temperatu
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Chapter 4 availability of multiple
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Chapter 4 peracetic acid (100, 200,
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Chapter 4 As discussed previously,
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Chapter 4 Dey/Engley (Difco) neutra
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Chapter 4 sterilisation was achieve
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Chapter 4 IX. Aliquots of 100µl of
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Chapter 4 XV. XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX
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Chapter 4 4.3. Results 4.3.1. Suspe
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Chapter 4 Table 4.3: Mean log 10 de
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Chapter 4 Benzalkonium chloride was
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Chapter 4 4.4. Discussion Suspensio
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Chapter 4 effective at eliminating
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Chapter 4 Surprisingly, Nguyen et a
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Chapter 4 though a contact time of
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Chapter 4 provide a more standardis
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Chapter 4 hours instead of the stan
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Chapter 5 5. Abstract Examining bio
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Chapter 5 dry and rough (bdar) morp
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Chapter 5 absence of curli and cell
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Chapter 5 studies such as the micro
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Chapter 5 discussed in chapter 4. T
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Chapter 5 5.2. Methods 5.2.1. Colon
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Chapter 5 XIII. XIV. XV. XVI. XVII.
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Chapter 5 XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX. XX
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Chapter 5 5.3.2. Repeatability of m
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Chapter 5 Figure 5.2: Stained biofi
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Chapter 5 was formed at room temper
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Chapter 5 Table 5.3: The density of
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Chapter 5 5.3.4. The density of bio
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Chapter 5 Table 5.6: The difference
Page 202 and 203: Chapter 5 Table 5.7: The difference
Page 204 and 205: Chapter 5 Table 5.8: Summary of ass
Page 206 and 207: Chapter 5 interpretation therefore
Page 208 and 209: Chapter 5 measures of S. enterica b
Page 210 and 211: Chapter 5 cells peaks [165, 191]. D
Page 212 and 213: Chapter 5 5.5. Limitations of the s
Page 214 and 215: Chapter 6 Discussion of S. enterica
Page 216 and 217: Chapter 6 However, a number of auth
Page 218 and 219: Chapter 6 It is of interest to exam
Page 220 and 221: Chapter 6 were similar at 48 hours.
Page 222 and 223: Chapter 6 attributable to a small n
Page 224 and 225: Chapter 6 chosen as an appropriate
Page 226 and 227: Chapter 6 undetermined. However, th
Page 228 and 229: Chapter 6 reason for this may be du
Page 230 and 231: Chapter 6 Moreover, based on the re
Page 232 and 233: Chapter 6 responsible for increased
Page 234 and 235: Chapter 6 not fully capture the ran
Page 236 and 237: Chapter 6 However, the extent of bi
Page 238 and 239: Chapter 6 6.10. Conclusions and rec
Page 240 and 241: Chapter 6 studies may solve some of
Page 242 and 243: Bibliography Bibliography Page 221
Page 244 and 245: Bibliography 12. T. Takata, J.L., H
Page 246 and 247: Bibliography 29. Barker, J., M. Nae
Page 248 and 249: Bibliography 47. Threlfall, E.J., H
Page 250 and 251: Bibliography 65. CDC. Investigation
Page 254 and 255: Bibliography 100. Chia, T., Goulter
Page 256 and 257: Bibliography 117. Buckingham-Meyer,
Page 258 and 259: Bibliography 133. European Committe
Page 260 and 261: Bibliography Supernatant of a Hafni
Page 262 and 263: Bibliography 165. Díez-García, M.
Page 264 and 265: Bibliography cultivation of Staphyl
Page 266 and 267: Bibliography Compounds. 2012. Appli
Page 268 and 269: Bibliography 215. Buck, et al., A q
Page 270 and 271: Bibliography Canadian Journal of Ps
Page 272 and 273: Appendix 1 Appendix 1— List of Re
Page 274 and 275: Appendix 1 Appendix 1 - List of Equ
Page 276 and 277: Appendix 2 Colour index High outlie
Page 286 and 287: Appendix 3 Appendix 3-Figure 2: PFG
Page 288 and 289: Appendix 4 Poster Presentation Envi
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