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View/Open - ARAN - National University of Ireland, Galway

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Chapter 2<br />

2.6.2. Scanning Electron Microscopy<br />

SEM analysis was also used to assess bi<strong>of</strong>ilm removal from the surfaces<br />

using the swabbing technique. Figure 2.5 illustrates the bi<strong>of</strong>ilm attached to<br />

the surface was not successfully removed from the smooth surface (glass)<br />

or the porous/rough concrete surface via swabbing.<br />

Figure 2.4: SEM image <strong>of</strong> glass and concrete demonstrating incomplete<br />

bi<strong>of</strong>ilm removal<br />

Figure 2.4 demonstrates incomplete removal <strong>of</strong> the Salmonella enterica<br />

subspecies enterica serovar Agona S08-0601 from the glass (left) and<br />

concrete (right) surfaces after bi<strong>of</strong>ilm formation for 48 hours. Removal<br />

using a sterile cotton swab was assessed.<br />

Page<br />

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