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Bibliography 215. Buck, et al., A quantitative method to evaluate neutralizer toxicity against Acanthamoeba castellanii. 1996. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 62(9): 3521-6. 216. Gehan, Z., Anwer, W., Amer, H., El-Sabagh, I., Rezk, A., and Badawy, E. , In vitro efficacy comparisons of disinfectants used in the commercial poultry farms. 2009. International Journal of Poultry Science 8 (3): 237-241. 217. Nguyen, H.D. and H.G. Yuk, Changes in resistance of Salmonella Typhimurium biofilms formed under various conditions to industrial sanitizers. 2013. Food Control. 29(1): 236-240. 218. Rushdy, A. and A. Othman, Bactericidal efficacy of some commercial disinfectants on biofilm on stainless steel surfaces of food equipment. 2011. Annals of Microbiology. 61(3): 545-552. 219. Parkar, S.G., S.H. Flint, and J.D. Brooks, Evaluation of the effect of cleaning regimes on biofilms of thermophilic bacilli on stainless steel. 2004. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 96(1): 110-116. 220. Tondo, E.C., Machado, T. R. M., Malheiros, P. S., Padrão, D. K., de Carvalho, A. L., Brandelli, A., Adhesion and biocides inactivation of Salmonella on stainless steel and polyethylene. 2010. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 41(4): 1027-1037. 221. Midelet, et al., Impact of cleaning and disinfection agents on biofilm structure and on microbial transfer to a solid model food*. 2004. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 97(2): 262-270. 222. Romero, D., et al., Amyloid fibers provide structural integrity to Bacillus subtilis biofilms. 2010. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107(5): 2230-2234. 223. Friedman, L., and Kolter, R., Genes involved in matrix formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 biofilms. 2004. Molecular Microbiology. 51(3): 675-690. 224. Howie, A.J. and D.B. Brewer, Optical properties of amyloid stained by Congo red: History and mechanisms. 2009. Micron. 40(3): 285- 301. Page 247
Bibliography 225. Römling, U., et al., AgfD, the checkpoint of multicellular and aggregative behaviour in Salmonella Typhimurium regulates at least two independent pathways. 2000. Molecular Microbiology. 36(1): 10-23. 226. Eriksson de Rezende, C., Anriany, Y., Carr, L., Joseph, S., Weiner, R., Capsular Polysaccharide Surrounds Smooth and Rugose Types of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104. 2005. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 71(11): 7345-7351. 227. O'Leary, D., Cabe, Evonne M. Mc, McCusker, Matthew P., Martins, Marta, Fanning, Séamus, Duffy, Geraldine, Microbiological study of biofilm formation in isolates of Salmonella enterica Typhimurium DT104 and DT104b cultured from the modern pork chain. 2013. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 161(1): 36-43. 228. Woodward, M., Sojka, M, Sprigings, KA, Humphrey, TJ, The role of sef 14 and sef17 fimbriae in the adherence of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis to inanimate surfaces. 2000. J Med Microbiol. 49: 481 - 487. 229. Peeters, E., H.J. Nelis, and T. Coenye, Comparison of multiple methods for quantification of microbial biofilms grown in microtiter plates. 2008. Journal of Microbiological Methods. 72(2): 157-165. 230. Vestby, L., et al., Survival potential of wild type cellulose deficient Salmonella from the feed industry. 2009. BMC Veterinary Research. 5(1): 43. 231. Pitts, B., Hamilton, Martin A., Zelver, Nicholas, Stewart, Philip S., A microtiter-plate screening method for biofilm disinfection and removal. 2003. Journal of Microbiological Methods. 54(2): 269-276. 232. Ueda, A. and T.K. Wood, Connecting Quorum Sensing, c-di-GMP, Pel Polysaccharide, and Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa through Tyrosine Phosphatase TpbA (PA3885). 2009. PLoS Pathog. 5(6): e1000483. 233. Streiner, D.L., Maintaining standards: Differences between the standard deviation and standard error, and when to use each. 1996. Page 248
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Salmonella enterica - biofilm forma
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Table of Contents Page Number 1.16.
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Table of Contents Page Number 4.1.2
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Table of Contents Page Number 6.8.4
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List of Abbreviations Table Page Nu
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List of Abbreviations List of Abbre
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Summary of Content Summary of Conte
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“To show your true ability is alw
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Acknowledgements ever met, Fiona th
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Acknowledgements This Ph.D. thesis
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Chapter 1 1.1. Salmonella Salmonell
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Chapter 1 may impose enormous costs
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Chapter 1 cracks or penetration of
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Chapter 1 detected by agglutination
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Chapter 1 become colonized with >10
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Chapter 1 antigens [z27],[z45] [1].
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Chapter 1 S. Agona has also been im
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Chapter 1 isolated from undercooked
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Chapter 1 The S. Typhimurium strain
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Chapter 1 ecosystem with the use of
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Chapter 1 [82]. Previous research h
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Chapter 1 to genes involved in flag
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Chapter 1 observation has also been
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Chapter 1 [119] and flow cell react
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Chapter 1 based disinfectant) the s
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Chapter 1 formation of two strains
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Chapter 1 shield the S. Agona cells
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Chapter 1 Key Objectives of this st
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Chapter 2 2. Abstract Food-borne pa
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Chapter 2 indicated that there may
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Chapter 2 taken from industrial set
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Chapter 2 2.1.4. CDC Biofilm Reacto
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Chapter 2 can be performed without
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Chapter 2 To summarise, previous au
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Chapter 2 2.3. Methods for examinin
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Chapter 2 and the biofilm formed th
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Chapter 2 2.4. Statistical Analysis
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Chapter 2 Table 2.1: Strain charact
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Chapter 2 XII. The gas port and med
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Chapter 2 II. Primary fixative cons
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Chapter 2 IX. Once the conditions w
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.1: Image of CBR
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Chapter 2 2.6. Results 2.6.1. Asses
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Chapter 2 2.6.3. SEM Analysis of su
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.6: Complete remo
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Chapter 2 2.6.5. Mean log 10 densit
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Chapter 2 2.6.6. Mean log 10 densit
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Chapter 2 Table 2.5: Mean log 10 de
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Chapter 2 The results displayed in
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Chapter 2 Table 2.7: Difference bet
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Chapter 2 Table 2.8: The mean log 1
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.7: Graph of the
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Chapter 2 also used “high” soni
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Chapter 2 2.8. Summary All 13 strai
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Chapter 3 3. Abstract It has been e
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Chapter 3 classified as persistent
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Chapter 3 was plated onto TSA for e
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Chapter 3 Figure 3.1: The mean log
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Chapter 3 Figure 3.3: SEM image of
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Chapter 3 Table 3.2: Difference bet
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Chapter 3 3.4.3. Intra-serovar vari
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Chapter 3 3.4.4. Strain variation i
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Chapter 3 3.4.5. The density of bio
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Chapter 3 3.5. Discussion As illust
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Chapter 3 As discussed in section 3
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Chapter 3 increased biofilm appeare
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Chapter 4 Examining the efficacy of
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Chapter 4 through laboratory based
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Chapter 4 acid and quaternary ammon
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Chapter 4 the surface the temperatu
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Chapter 4 availability of multiple
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Chapter 4 peracetic acid (100, 200,
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Chapter 4 As discussed previously,
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Chapter 4 Dey/Engley (Difco) neutra
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Chapter 4 sterilisation was achieve
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Chapter 4 IX. Aliquots of 100µl of
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Chapter 4 XV. XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX
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Chapter 4 4.3. Results 4.3.1. Suspe
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Chapter 4 Table 4.3: Mean log 10 de
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Chapter 4 Benzalkonium chloride was
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Chapter 4 4.4. Discussion Suspensio
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Chapter 4 effective at eliminating
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Chapter 4 Surprisingly, Nguyen et a
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Chapter 4 though a contact time of
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Chapter 4 provide a more standardis
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Chapter 4 hours instead of the stan
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Chapter 5 5. Abstract Examining bio
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Chapter 5 dry and rough (bdar) morp
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Chapter 5 absence of curli and cell
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Chapter 5 studies such as the micro
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Chapter 5 discussed in chapter 4. T
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Chapter 5 5.2. Methods 5.2.1. Colon
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Chapter 5 XIII. XIV. XV. XVI. XVII.
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Chapter 5 XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX. XX
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Chapter 5 5.3.2. Repeatability of m
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Chapter 5 Figure 5.2: Stained biofi
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Chapter 5 was formed at room temper
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Chapter 5 Table 5.3: The density of
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Chapter 5 5.3.4. The density of bio
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Chapter 5 Table 5.6: The difference
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Chapter 5 Table 5.7: The difference
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Chapter 5 Table 5.8: Summary of ass
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Chapter 5 interpretation therefore
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Chapter 5 measures of S. enterica b
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Chapter 5 cells peaks [165, 191]. D
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Chapter 5 5.5. Limitations of the s
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Chapter 6 Discussion of S. enterica
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Chapter 6 However, a number of auth
Page 218 and 219: Chapter 6 It is of interest to exam
Page 220 and 221: Chapter 6 were similar at 48 hours.
Page 222 and 223: Chapter 6 attributable to a small n
Page 224 and 225: Chapter 6 chosen as an appropriate
Page 226 and 227: Chapter 6 undetermined. However, th
Page 228 and 229: Chapter 6 reason for this may be du
Page 230 and 231: Chapter 6 Moreover, based on the re
Page 232 and 233: Chapter 6 responsible for increased
Page 234 and 235: Chapter 6 not fully capture the ran
Page 236 and 237: Chapter 6 However, the extent of bi
Page 238 and 239: Chapter 6 6.10. Conclusions and rec
Page 240 and 241: Chapter 6 studies may solve some of
Page 242 and 243: Bibliography Bibliography Page 221
Page 244 and 245: Bibliography 12. T. Takata, J.L., H
Page 246 and 247: Bibliography 29. Barker, J., M. Nae
Page 248 and 249: Bibliography 47. Threlfall, E.J., H
Page 250 and 251: Bibliography 65. CDC. Investigation
Page 252 and 253: Bibliography 83. Ledeboer, N., Frye
Page 254 and 255: Bibliography 100. Chia, T., Goulter
Page 256 and 257: Bibliography 117. Buckingham-Meyer,
Page 258 and 259: Bibliography 133. European Committe
Page 260 and 261: Bibliography Supernatant of a Hafni
Page 262 and 263: Bibliography 165. Díez-García, M.
Page 264 and 265: Bibliography cultivation of Staphyl
Page 266 and 267: Bibliography Compounds. 2012. Appli
Page 270 and 271: Bibliography Canadian Journal of Ps
Page 272 and 273: Appendix 1 Appendix 1— List of Re
Page 274 and 275: Appendix 1 Appendix 1 - List of Equ
Page 276 and 277: Appendix 2 Colour index High outlie
Page 286 and 287: Appendix 3 Appendix 3-Figure 2: PFG
Page 288 and 289: Appendix 4 Poster Presentation Envi
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