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Appendix 1 Appendix 1— List of Reagents Chapter Reagent Supplier Product code 2/3/4 Micro90 Sigma Aldrich Z81565 2/3/4 100% Ethanol Sigma Aldrich 459836 2/3/4 Sterile H 2 0 B.Braun 0082479 2/3/4 Tryptic Soya Broth Sigma Aldrich T8907 2/3/4 Tryptic Soya Agar Sigma Aldrich 22091 2/3/4 Phosphate Buffered Sigma Aldrich P5368 Saline 2/3 5% Glutaraldehyde Agar Scientific R1020 2/3 Paraformaldehyde Sigma Aldrich 15827 powder 2/3 Sodium Cacodylate Sigma Aldrich 20840 2/3 Hydrochloric Acid Sigma Aldrich H1758 2/3 Osmium Tetroxide Sigma Aldrich R1024 2/3 Ethanol Series Sigma Aldrich 459844 2/3 Hexamthyl Disilizane Agar Scientific R1228 2/3 Purified H 2 0 (18Ω) N/A 2/3 Silver paint adhesive Agar Scientific G302 4/5 Sodium Hypochlorite Sigma Aldrich 425044 4/5 Sodium Hydroxide Sigma Aldrich 30620 4/5 Benzalkonium Chloride Sigma Aldrich 12060 4/5 D/E Neutralizing Broth Becton 281910 Dickinson 4/5 Sodium Thiosulfate Sigma Aldrich 217263 5 Bacto-Tryptone Sigma Aldrich T7293 5 Yeast Extract Sigma Aldrich Y4250 5 Agar Sigma Aldrich 17221 5 Congo Red Sigma Aldrich C6277 5 Coomassie Blue Brilliant R Sigma Aldrich B7920 5 1% Crystal Violet stain Sigma Aldrich Vv5265 Page 251
Appendix 1 Appendix 1 –List of Equipment Chapter Equipment Supplier Manufacturer Product code 2-5 Glycerol Beads LIP Diagnostics Technical Protect TS/70 Services 2-5 Petri Dishes Sarstedt 82.1473 1/2/3 Spreaders Sarstedt 86.1569.005 1/2/3 10ml Glass LIP Diagnostics International GMT005.P18 Universals Scientific Supplies Limited 1/2/3 CDC Biofilm BioSurface CRB-90-2 Reactors Technologies 1/2/3 10 Litre Carboys Thermofisher Nalgene ASP-750-010 Scientific 1/2/3 Large tip filters (0.2µm) Thermofisher Scientific Nalgene Fdm-316- 060w 1/2/3 Small tip Filters Thermofisher Nalgene (0.2µm) Scientific 1/2/3 Plastic tubing 16mm Thermofisher Scientific MasterFlex L/S 16 (06424- 16) 1/2/3 Plastic tubing 14mm Thermofisher Scientific MasterFlex L/s 18 (06424- 18) 1/2/3 Connection Brackets Thermofisher Scientific 1/2/3 Bulkhead Fitting Thermofisher Scientific Btk-686-050t 1/2/3 Nylon barbed reduce connector 1/2/3 Flow Cell Breakers Thermofisher Scientific BioSurface Technologies 1/2/3 Peristaltic pump Thermofisher Scientific 1/2/3 pump head Thermofisher Scientific 1/2/3 Magnetic Thermofisher Stirrers Scientific 1/2/3 Coupons: BioSurface Borosilicate Technologies glass 1/2/3 Coupons: Stainless steel 1/2/3 Coupons: Polycarbonate 1/2/3 Coupons: Glazed Tile 1/2/3 Coupons: Concrete 1/2/3 Forceps and set screw BioSurface Technologies BioSurface Technologies BioSurface Technologies BioSurface Technologies BioSurface Technologies 30622-28 MasterFlex 07553-87 MasterFlex 77200-60 IKA RCT FAB-OFF-210J RD128-GL RD128-316 RD-128-PC RD128-GT RD128-CC Page 252
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Salmonella enterica - biofilm forma
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Table of Contents Page Number 1.16.
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Table of Contents Page Number 4.1.2
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Table of Contents Page Number 6.8.4
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List of Abbreviations Table Page Nu
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List of Abbreviations List of Abbre
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Summary of Content Summary of Conte
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“To show your true ability is alw
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Acknowledgements ever met, Fiona th
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Acknowledgements This Ph.D. thesis
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Chapter 1 1.1. Salmonella Salmonell
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Chapter 1 may impose enormous costs
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Chapter 1 cracks or penetration of
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Chapter 1 detected by agglutination
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Chapter 1 become colonized with >10
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Chapter 1 antigens [z27],[z45] [1].
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Chapter 1 S. Agona has also been im
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Chapter 1 isolated from undercooked
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Chapter 1 The S. Typhimurium strain
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Chapter 1 ecosystem with the use of
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Chapter 1 [82]. Previous research h
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Chapter 1 to genes involved in flag
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Chapter 1 observation has also been
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Chapter 1 [119] and flow cell react
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Chapter 1 based disinfectant) the s
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Chapter 1 formation of two strains
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Chapter 1 shield the S. Agona cells
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Chapter 1 Key Objectives of this st
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Chapter 2 2. Abstract Food-borne pa
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Chapter 2 indicated that there may
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Chapter 2 taken from industrial set
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Chapter 2 2.1.4. CDC Biofilm Reacto
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Chapter 2 can be performed without
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Chapter 2 To summarise, previous au
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Chapter 2 2.3. Methods for examinin
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Chapter 2 and the biofilm formed th
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Chapter 2 2.4. Statistical Analysis
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Chapter 2 Table 2.1: Strain charact
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Chapter 2 XII. The gas port and med
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Chapter 2 II. Primary fixative cons
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Chapter 2 IX. Once the conditions w
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.1: Image of CBR
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Chapter 2 2.6. Results 2.6.1. Asses
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Chapter 2 2.6.3. SEM Analysis of su
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.6: Complete remo
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Chapter 2 2.6.5. Mean log 10 densit
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Chapter 2 2.6.6. Mean log 10 densit
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Chapter 2 Table 2.5: Mean log 10 de
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Chapter 2 The results displayed in
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Chapter 2 Table 2.7: Difference bet
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Chapter 2 Table 2.8: The mean log 1
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.7: Graph of the
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Chapter 2 also used “high” soni
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Chapter 2 2.8. Summary All 13 strai
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Chapter 3 3. Abstract It has been e
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Chapter 3 classified as persistent
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Chapter 3 was plated onto TSA for e
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Chapter 3 Figure 3.1: The mean log
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Chapter 3 Figure 3.3: SEM image of
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Chapter 3 Table 3.2: Difference bet
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Chapter 3 3.4.3. Intra-serovar vari
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Chapter 3 3.4.4. Strain variation i
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Chapter 3 3.4.5. The density of bio
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Chapter 3 3.5. Discussion As illust
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Chapter 3 As discussed in section 3
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Chapter 3 increased biofilm appeare
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Chapter 4 Examining the efficacy of
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Chapter 4 through laboratory based
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Chapter 4 acid and quaternary ammon
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Chapter 4 the surface the temperatu
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Chapter 4 availability of multiple
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Chapter 4 peracetic acid (100, 200,
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Chapter 4 As discussed previously,
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Chapter 4 Dey/Engley (Difco) neutra
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Chapter 4 sterilisation was achieve
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Chapter 4 IX. Aliquots of 100µl of
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Chapter 4 XV. XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX
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Chapter 4 4.3. Results 4.3.1. Suspe
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Chapter 4 Table 4.3: Mean log 10 de
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Chapter 4 Benzalkonium chloride was
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Chapter 4 4.4. Discussion Suspensio
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Chapter 4 effective at eliminating
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Chapter 4 Surprisingly, Nguyen et a
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Chapter 4 though a contact time of
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Chapter 4 provide a more standardis
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Chapter 4 hours instead of the stan
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Chapter 5 5. Abstract Examining bio
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Chapter 5 dry and rough (bdar) morp
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Chapter 5 absence of curli and cell
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Chapter 5 studies such as the micro
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Chapter 5 discussed in chapter 4. T
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Chapter 5 5.2. Methods 5.2.1. Colon
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Chapter 5 XIII. XIV. XV. XVI. XVII.
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Chapter 5 XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX. XX
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Chapter 5 5.3.2. Repeatability of m
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Chapter 5 Figure 5.2: Stained biofi
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Chapter 5 was formed at room temper
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Chapter 5 Table 5.3: The density of
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Chapter 5 5.3.4. The density of bio
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Chapter 5 Table 5.6: The difference
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Chapter 5 Table 5.7: The difference
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Chapter 5 Table 5.8: Summary of ass
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Chapter 5 interpretation therefore
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Chapter 5 measures of S. enterica b
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Chapter 5 cells peaks [165, 191]. D
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Chapter 5 5.5. Limitations of the s
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Chapter 6 Discussion of S. enterica
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Chapter 6 However, a number of auth
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Chapter 6 It is of interest to exam
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Chapter 6 were similar at 48 hours.
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Page 238 and 239: Chapter 6 6.10. Conclusions and rec
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Page 242 and 243: Bibliography Bibliography Page 221
Page 244 and 245: Bibliography 12. T. Takata, J.L., H
Page 246 and 247: Bibliography 29. Barker, J., M. Nae
Page 248 and 249: Bibliography 47. Threlfall, E.J., H
Page 250 and 251: Bibliography 65. CDC. Investigation
Page 252 and 253: Bibliography 83. Ledeboer, N., Frye
Page 254 and 255: Bibliography 100. Chia, T., Goulter
Page 256 and 257: Bibliography 117. Buckingham-Meyer,
Page 258 and 259: Bibliography 133. European Committe
Page 260 and 261: Bibliography Supernatant of a Hafni
Page 262 and 263: Bibliography 165. Díez-García, M.
Page 264 and 265: Bibliography cultivation of Staphyl
Page 266 and 267: Bibliography Compounds. 2012. Appli
Page 268 and 269: Bibliography 215. Buck, et al., A q
Page 270 and 271: Bibliography Canadian Journal of Ps
Page 274 and 275: Appendix 1 Appendix 1 - List of Equ
Page 276 and 277: Appendix 2 Colour index High outlie
Page 286 and 287: Appendix 3 Appendix 3-Figure 2: PFG
Page 288 and 289: Appendix 4 Poster Presentation Envi
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