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Appendix 1 Appendix 1 – List of Equipment- Continued Chapter Equipment Supplier Manufacturer Product code 1/2/3 24-well plates Sarstedt 83.1836.500 1/2/3 Bio Assay Dishes Nunc 40835 1/2/3 Sonicator NEY DENTAL INC ULTRAsonik TM 1/2 Gold Sputter Emscope SC500 1/2 Microscope Hitachi S52600N 1/2 Carbon Tape adhesive Agar Scientific 1/2 Metal Stubs Agar Scientific 4 Microtitre Plates flat-bottom 96 well plate Sarstedt 4 Turbidity Meter Medical Supplies Company Limited 4 Plate Reader Dynex Tecnologies 4 Plate reader Revelation technology Software 1-4 Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) IBM Corporation Siemens Cleaner Model 28X DIS-984-170X untreated Microscan Turbidity Meter Best 2000 Version 5.19 Version 20.0 Page 253
Appendix 2 Appendix 2 Table 1: The optical density of biofilm formed on the surface Strain No Strain well 1st OD Read 2nd OD Read Difference in OD Mean OD 27853 P. aeruginosa 1 0.148 0.229 -0.081 0.197 27853 P. aeruginosa 2 0.234 0.216 0.018 27853 P. aeruginosa 3 0.179 0.176 0.003 S08-0601 S. Agona Outbreak 1 0.344 0.218 0.126 0.453 S08-0601 S. Agona Outbreak 2 1.641 0.272 1.369 S08-0601 S. Agona Outbreak 3 0.141 0.100 0.041 S09-0494 S. Agona Outbreak 1 0.339 0.504 -0.165 0.265 S09-0494 S. Agona Outbreak 2 0.260 0.245 0.015 S09-0494 S. Agona Outbreak 3 0.130 0.113 0.017 S09-0046 S. Agona variant 1 0.157 0.179 -0.022 0.111 S09-0046 S. Agona variant 2 0.091 0.107 -0.016 S09-0046 S. Agona variant 3 0.057 0.074 -0.017 S09-0371 S. Agona 1 0.870 0.603 0.267 0.66 S09-0371 S. Agona 2 1.119 1.112 0.007 S09-0371 S. Agona 3 0.142 0.115 0.027 S09-0479 S. Agona 1 0.119 0.109 0.010 0.125 S09-0479 S. Agona 2 0.074 0.072 0.002 S09-0479 S. Agona 3 0.209 0.168 0.041 SL483 S. Agona 1 0.473 0.634 -0.161 0.609 SL483 S. Agona 2 0.589 0.566 0.023 SL483 S. Agona 3 0.819 0.571 0.248 S09-0419 S. Typhimurium 1 0.085 0.082 0.003 0.085 S09-0419 S. Typhimurium 2 0.070 0.086 -0.016 S09-0419 S. Typhimurium 3 0.099 0.089 0.010 S08-0408 S. Typhimurium 1 0.346 0.27 0.076 0.234 S08-0408 S. Typhimurium 2 0.231 0.34 -0.109 S08-0408 S. Typhimurium 3 0.111 0.104 0.007 SL1344 S. Typhimurium 1 0.238 0.271 -0.033 0.391 SL1344 S. Typhimurium 2 0.147 0.15 -0.003 SL1344 S. Typhimurium 3 0.872 0.666 0.206 LT2 S. Typhimurium 1 0.103 0.112 -0.009 0.182 LT2 S. Typhimurium 2 0.477 0.112 0.365 LT2 S. Typhimurium 3 0.153 0.135 0.018 S09-0717 S. Enteritidis 1 0.352 0.286 0.066 0.301 S09-0717 S. Enteritidis 2 0.280 0.307 -0.027 S09-0717 S. Enteritidis 3 0.271 0.309 -0.038 S09-0004 S. Enteritidis 1 0.233 0.413 -0.18 0.232 S09-0004 S. Enteritidis 2 0.119 0.109 0.010 S09-0004 S. Enteritidis 3 0.214 0.305 -0.091 Page 254
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Salmonella enterica - biofilm forma
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Table of Contents Page Number 1.16.
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Table of Contents Page Number 4.1.2
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Table of Contents Page Number 6.8.4
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List of Abbreviations Table Page Nu
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List of Abbreviations List of Abbre
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Summary of Content Summary of Conte
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“To show your true ability is alw
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Acknowledgements ever met, Fiona th
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Acknowledgements This Ph.D. thesis
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Chapter 1 1.1. Salmonella Salmonell
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Chapter 1 may impose enormous costs
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Chapter 1 cracks or penetration of
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Chapter 1 detected by agglutination
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Chapter 1 become colonized with >10
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Chapter 1 antigens [z27],[z45] [1].
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Chapter 1 S. Agona has also been im
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Chapter 1 isolated from undercooked
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Chapter 1 The S. Typhimurium strain
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Chapter 1 ecosystem with the use of
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Chapter 1 [82]. Previous research h
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Chapter 1 to genes involved in flag
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Chapter 1 observation has also been
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Chapter 1 [119] and flow cell react
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Chapter 1 based disinfectant) the s
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Chapter 1 formation of two strains
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Chapter 1 shield the S. Agona cells
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Chapter 1 Key Objectives of this st
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Chapter 2 2. Abstract Food-borne pa
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Chapter 2 indicated that there may
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Chapter 2 taken from industrial set
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Chapter 2 2.1.4. CDC Biofilm Reacto
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Chapter 2 can be performed without
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Chapter 2 To summarise, previous au
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Chapter 2 2.3. Methods for examinin
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Chapter 2 and the biofilm formed th
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Chapter 2 2.4. Statistical Analysis
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Chapter 2 Table 2.1: Strain charact
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Chapter 2 XII. The gas port and med
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Chapter 2 II. Primary fixative cons
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Chapter 2 IX. Once the conditions w
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.1: Image of CBR
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Chapter 2 2.6. Results 2.6.1. Asses
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Chapter 2 2.6.3. SEM Analysis of su
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.6: Complete remo
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Chapter 2 2.6.5. Mean log 10 densit
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Chapter 2 2.6.6. Mean log 10 densit
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Chapter 2 Table 2.5: Mean log 10 de
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Chapter 2 The results displayed in
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Chapter 2 Table 2.7: Difference bet
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Chapter 2 Table 2.8: The mean log 1
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Chapter 2 Figure 2.7: Graph of the
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Chapter 2 also used “high” soni
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Chapter 2 2.8. Summary All 13 strai
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Chapter 3 3. Abstract It has been e
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Chapter 3 classified as persistent
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Chapter 3 was plated onto TSA for e
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Chapter 3 Figure 3.1: The mean log
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Chapter 3 Figure 3.3: SEM image of
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Chapter 3 Table 3.2: Difference bet
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Chapter 3 3.4.3. Intra-serovar vari
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Chapter 3 3.4.4. Strain variation i
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Chapter 3 3.4.5. The density of bio
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Chapter 3 3.5. Discussion As illust
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Chapter 3 As discussed in section 3
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Chapter 3 increased biofilm appeare
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Chapter 4 Examining the efficacy of
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Chapter 4 through laboratory based
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Chapter 4 acid and quaternary ammon
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Chapter 4 the surface the temperatu
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Chapter 4 availability of multiple
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Chapter 4 peracetic acid (100, 200,
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Chapter 4 As discussed previously,
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Chapter 4 Dey/Engley (Difco) neutra
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Chapter 4 sterilisation was achieve
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Chapter 4 IX. Aliquots of 100µl of
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Chapter 4 XV. XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX
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Chapter 4 4.3. Results 4.3.1. Suspe
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Chapter 4 Table 4.3: Mean log 10 de
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Chapter 4 Benzalkonium chloride was
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Chapter 4 4.4. Discussion Suspensio
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Chapter 4 effective at eliminating
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Chapter 4 Surprisingly, Nguyen et a
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Chapter 4 though a contact time of
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Chapter 4 provide a more standardis
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Chapter 4 hours instead of the stan
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Chapter 5 5. Abstract Examining bio
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Chapter 5 dry and rough (bdar) morp
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Chapter 5 absence of curli and cell
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Chapter 5 studies such as the micro
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Chapter 5 discussed in chapter 4. T
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Chapter 5 5.2. Methods 5.2.1. Colon
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Chapter 5 XIII. XIV. XV. XVI. XVII.
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Chapter 5 XVI. XVII. XVIII. XIX. XX
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Chapter 5 5.3.2. Repeatability of m
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Chapter 5 Figure 5.2: Stained biofi
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Chapter 5 was formed at room temper
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Chapter 5 Table 5.3: The density of
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Chapter 5 5.3.4. The density of bio
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Chapter 5 Table 5.6: The difference
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Chapter 5 Table 5.7: The difference
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Chapter 5 Table 5.8: Summary of ass
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Chapter 5 interpretation therefore
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Chapter 5 measures of S. enterica b
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Chapter 5 cells peaks [165, 191]. D
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Chapter 5 5.5. Limitations of the s
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Chapter 6 Discussion of S. enterica
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Chapter 6 However, a number of auth
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Chapter 6 It is of interest to exam
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Chapter 6 were similar at 48 hours.
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Chapter 6 attributable to a small n
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Page 236 and 237: Chapter 6 However, the extent of bi
Page 238 and 239: Chapter 6 6.10. Conclusions and rec
Page 240 and 241: Chapter 6 studies may solve some of
Page 242 and 243: Bibliography Bibliography Page 221
Page 244 and 245: Bibliography 12. T. Takata, J.L., H
Page 246 and 247: Bibliography 29. Barker, J., M. Nae
Page 248 and 249: Bibliography 47. Threlfall, E.J., H
Page 250 and 251: Bibliography 65. CDC. Investigation
Page 252 and 253: Bibliography 83. Ledeboer, N., Frye
Page 254 and 255: Bibliography 100. Chia, T., Goulter
Page 256 and 257: Bibliography 117. Buckingham-Meyer,
Page 258 and 259: Bibliography 133. European Committe
Page 260 and 261: Bibliography Supernatant of a Hafni
Page 262 and 263: Bibliography 165. Díez-García, M.
Page 264 and 265: Bibliography cultivation of Staphyl
Page 266 and 267: Bibliography Compounds. 2012. Appli
Page 268 and 269: Bibliography 215. Buck, et al., A q
Page 270 and 271: Bibliography Canadian Journal of Ps
Page 272 and 273: Appendix 1 Appendix 1— List of Re
Page 276 and 277: Appendix 2 Colour index High outlie
Page 286 and 287: Appendix 3 Appendix 3-Figure 2: PFG
Page 288 and 289: Appendix 4 Poster Presentation Envi
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