Programska knjižica - Hrvatsko filozofsko društvo

science are not based on impersonal, abstract methodological norms, but tacit
rules committed by a community of scientists, then knowledge cannot be without
morality and rationality, and knowing inevitably has a moral character.
Additionally, Polanyi claims that pure science is an essential truth-seeking
practice. Polanyi’s idea of science is a spiritual, idealistic description of a community
of free intellectuals, who are passionately committed to seeking the
Truth. Science must not have special obligations to society, because it is only
concerned with the deeper understanding of nature. Therefore seeking the truth
in favor of truth itself is the essential goal of science, and it can follow and
accomplish this goal only if it remains free from every social, economical and
other external interests and influences. Scientists must have an autonomous
community, with their own rules and autonomous direction.
Perhaps these thoughts seem to be old-fashioned, but I will argue that
Polanyi’s views about science are still relevant today. Present-day science is
usually called after Ziman, as post-academic science. I think we should take
seriously Polanyi’s warnings of dangers of economical influences to science.
In the era of post-academic science trust in science and therefore science itself
might be put at risk, when scientists serve only technological and economical
interests and science becomes an instrument of profit-oriented and practical
needs, instead of seeking the truth itself.
POSTKRITIČKA EPISTEMOLOGIJA I MORALNA DIMENZIJA
ZNANOSTI KOD MICHAELA POLANYIJA
Polanyijevi najbitniji epistemološki pogledi mogu se sažeti na sljedeći način:
ljudska spoznaja ne započinje sa sumnjom i kritikom već se temelji na
nekritički prihvaćenim vjerovanjima i prešutnim obvezama. Konačni temelj
znanja je povjerenje i vjerovanje, a ne neka navodna izvjesna, nužno istinita
propozicija. Polanyi također ističe da traganje za nepogrešivim temeljima
znanja obično uključuje pogled da su kriteriji istine i metodologija opravdanja
objektivni, univerzalno važeći te stoga neosobni.
Htio bih pokazati kako su ti epistemološki pogledi utvrdili njegove ideje
o znanosti i znanstvenoj zajednici. Ako opravdanje znanstvenih tvrdnja nije
utemeljeno na neosobnim, apstraktnim metodološkim normama, nego na prešutnim
pravilima prihvaćenim od strane znanstvene zajednice, onda znanje ne
može biti bez morala i racionalnosti te znati neizbježno ima moralni karakter.
Polanyi nadalje tvrdi da je čista znanost bitna praksa traženja istine. Polanyijeva
ideja znanosti je spiritualan, idealistički opis zajednice slobodnih intelektualaca
koji su strastveno predani traženju Istine. Znanost ne smije imati
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