Small Animal Radiology and Ultrasound: A Diagnostic Atlas and Text

Chapter Two The Thorax 219
Fig. 2-202 A 4-year-old spayed
female domestic short-haired cat
with acute dyspnea and cyanosis. A,
The lateral radiograph reveals a
severe bronchial pattern throughout
all lung lobes. B, The close-up view
reveals multiple pairs of poorly
defined parallel lines (“tram lines”)
and circular structures (“doughnuts”)
indicative of the bronchial
and peribronchial infiltrate.
Diagnosis: Feline bronchitis-asthma
syndrome.
A
B
Poor mucosal ciliary function can give rise to chronic degenerative bronchial disease
leading to bronchiectasis. 622-630 Kartagener’s syndrome consists of a triad of problems
including sinusitis, situs inversus, and bronchiectasis. 622,623,625 Immotile cilia syndrome is
a related disease that lacks the situs inversus but shares the clinical characteristics of poor
pulmonary clearance, predisposition to infections, sterility, and bronchiectasis. 624-630
DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH DECREASED PULMONARY DENSITY
Although abnormal increases in pulmonary density are much more commonly observed
and more easily recognized, both focal and diffuse decreases in pulmonary density may
be encountered. 631-644 Usually a large degree of pathology must be present before the