Small Animal Radiology and Ultrasound: A Diagnostic Atlas and Text

Chapter Three The Abd omen 273
Fig. 3-25 Transverse sonograms of the urinary bladder of a 12-year-old
male Cocker Spaniel with a history of chronic diarrhea and hypoalbuminemia
of 2 months duration. A cystocentesis was performed using
ultrasonographic guidance. In the initial images the needle is visible penetrating
the bladder wall and pushing a V-shaped fold of bladder mucosa
into the bladder lumen. As the puncture progresses the mucosa is penetrated,
and in the last image the tip of the needle becomes visible in the
center of the bladder. This indenting of the bladder mucosa is often
responsible for a failure to obtain urine during a cystocentesis.
Ultrasonographic guidance is extremely valuable when the bladder is
small or cannot be palpated. Diagnosis: Ultrasonographically guided cystocentesis.
A
B
Fig. 3-26 Transverse (A, C, and D)
and longitudinal (B) sonograms of
the caudal abdomen of a 6-year-old
female Dachshund with a history of
vomiting, anorexia, pancytopenia,
and splenomegaly. The uterus is visible
as a hyperechoic oval or tubular
structure dorsal to the urinary bladder
and to the right (A, C, and D: + )
or dorsal (B, small white arrows) to
the colon. This represents a normal
uterus. Diagnosis: Normal uterus.
C
D