Small Animal Radiology and Ultrasound: A Diagnostic Atlas and Text

Chapter Three The Abd omen 401
Fig. 3-190 An 11-year-old male
Miniature Schnauzer with chronic
hematuria. There is a finely stippled
calcific density in the entire bladder,
which is most prominent in the center
(most dependent portion, black
s). There is also prostatomegaly.
Differential diagnoses include cystic
sand, calcification associated with
neoplasia, or dystrophic calcification
of bladder mucosa. Diagnosis:
Multiple small cystic calculi (cystic
sand).
Fig. 3-191 A 4-year-old male
German Shepherd dog with chronic
cystitis and tetraparesis and urinary
incontinence for 5 months. There is
diffuse calcified plaque formation of
the mucosa of the bladder and prostatic
urethra. Differential diagnoses
include dystrophic calcification of
the mucosa or calcification associated
with neoplasia. Diagnosis:
Dystrophic calcification of urinary
mucosa.
linear streaking, air bubbles, or as a lucent halo outlining the bladder wall. There also may
be accumulation of gas within the bladder; this will appear as a large radiolucent bubble in
the center of the bladder or as multiple smaller bubbles. Air may dissect from the bladder
mucosa into the retroperitoneal space or pelvic cavity.
Size Changes. Recognition of abnormal bladder size is difficult because of the high degree of
normal variability. In some cases of chronic, partial, or nearly complete urinary obstruction,
the bladder may be enlarged severely such that its cranial border extends cranial to the