Small Animal Radiology and Ultrasound: A Diagnostic Atlas and Text

426 Small Animal Radiolo g y and Ultrasono graphy
Fig. 3-228 A 9-year-old male
Samoyed with stranguria for 3
weeks. The urethrogram revealed
irregularity to the urethral mucosa
immediately distal to the ischial arch
(solid white arrows) as well as cavitation
of the prostate (open white
arrows) and prostatic enlargement.
Differential diagnoses include prostatic
neoplasia with extension to the
urethra or cavitating prostatitis and
urethritis. Diagnosis: Prostatic carcinoma
with extension down the
urethra.
Fig. 3-229 A 7-year-old male
Cocker Spaniel with chronic stranguria.
The urethrogram revealed
narrowing of the urethra proximal to
the os penis (white arrows), which
was present on multiple views. The
differential diagnoses include urethral
neoplasia or periurethral fibrosis.
Diagnosis: Periurethral fibrosis.
for urocystolith detection. It can be summarized by saying that even under simulated ideal
conditions (e.g., no patient motion, bladder adequately distended), ultrasonography at best
matched contrast radiography for detection of urocystoliths. 438 However, it did not provide
any useful architectural insight that would help predict the mineral type of the urocystoliths.
Therefore ultrasound users must be aware of the potential shortcomings and
realize that for these reasons as well as the inability to image the urethra using ultrasonography,
contrast radiographic techniques are far from antiquated.