STRUCTURAL GLASS FACADES - USC School of Architecture

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Figure 4.2 Product selection tool, screen 2. Figure 4.3 Product selection tool, screen 3. 153
On selection of an exterior color from the first list box, the second box (Figure 4.3) is activated with a list of available options for that color. Product names and brief descriptions appear below the text box to provide some preliminary information prior to selecting the performance coating. The selections are submitted, and a final page (Figure 4.4) provides links to product specifications in pdf file format. Figure 4.4 Product selection tool, screen 4. 4.2.2 Design Tools Supporting Simplified Processes The simplification and clarification of complex processes is a primary objective in the design of tools and guidelines. Even old technology can sometimes benefit from new simplified methods, but the maturation of a technology is typically accompanied by the development of simplified tools and processes. In some, if not many cases the simplified tools are a primary contributor to the diffusion of a technology into a broader market. The so-called user-friendly computer interface is a good example of this; growth in personal computing accelerated following the commercial introduction of the graphical user interface (GUI) developed at the Palo Alto Research Center, which simplified the computer interface making the machine more accessible to a new tier of adopters. In this respect, it is generally newer technologies that stand to gain the biggest boost from the development of simplified tools and processes. The more a tool can do the more complex it tends to be. AutoCad is a powerful CAD tool, but is difficult and time consuming to learn. AutoCad is a primary program for architectural designers, meaning that many of them must spend the time to develop some level of 154
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STRUCTURAL GLASS FACADES: A UNIQUE
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Dedication To my bride, Victoria Me
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One cannot help but burden others w
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6.4 Other Considerations in Glass S
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Table 6-6 Simple truss attributes.
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List of Figures Figure 1.1 Berlin C
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Figure 2.1 Tension rod rigging term
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Figure 2.28 Diagram of low-E functi
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Figure 6.12 New Beijing Poly Plaza;
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Figure 8.7 Glass and the glass manu
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Abstract This thesis formulates a h
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The push by leading architects for
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Barriers to Implementation As with
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The primary focus of this thesis wi
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Chapter 1 - Context 1.1 Structural
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facades as used herein refers to th
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The vaulted enclosure spans six tra
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1.2.2 Architectural Use of Glass It
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the great cathedrals of the period
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1.2.4 Glass as Building Skin Struct
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1.2.5 The Advent of the Curtain Wal
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structure is exposed, and thus beco
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necessarily the case, however. Nort
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and practitioners of this style, Wa
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In the same manner, Mies van der Ro
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1.3.2 Emergence of Structural Glass
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of glass are transparency, transluc
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Opacity is the opposite of transpar
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Willis Faber & Dumas Building Ipswi
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Figure 1.18 Louvre Pyramid by night
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Channel 4 Headquarters London; Rich
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presentations on the technology usu
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was not constructed until the 1950
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1.3.6 Practitioners The following e
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In a common development pattern, se
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from the yachting industry and used
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imitation reveals itself here; repe
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their lack of familiarity with it.
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Oil prices blowing by USD 100 per b
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Chapter 2 - Materials, Processes, a
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2.2.1 Structures and Strategies for
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2.2.2 Strongbacks and Glass Fins St
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Various geometries are possible, mo
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The application of trusses as part
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Figure 2.8 Truss identification: br
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A large cavity double-skin façade
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Fuller later went on to develop ten
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stabilized, or closed systems; stab
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2.2.9.2 Cable Net The addition of h
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Kieran Kelley-Sneed, a former profe
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these materials. High performance t
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or some similar process to produce
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Individual wires are fist twisted i
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2.3.3.2 Rods Design innovations are
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processing adding value in some man
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Table 2-4 Raw materials used in typ
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2.4.1.6 Laminated Glass Laminated g
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laminated panel comprised of a temp
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of the spacer, and the application
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applied by a process of vacuum (spu
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The illustration on the left shows
Page 123 and 124: 2.4.1.11 Specifying Glass Specifyin
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Page 131 and 132: “Float glass thickness range from
Page 133 and 134: pieces of glass with a ½” air sp
Page 135 and 136: A measure of heat gain or heat loss
Page 137 and 138: Fortunately, glass producers again
Page 139 and 140: 2.5.2 Stick Systems Most curtain wa
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Page 145 and 146: 2.5.9 Structural Glazing Structural
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Page 149 and 150: Alternatively, structural glass fac
Page 151 and 152: Chapter 3 - Building Products, Proc
Page 153 and 154: New strategies and project delivery
Page 155 and 156: costs are extremely low throughout
Page 157 and 158: 3.1.3 Fabrication Fabrication requi
Page 159 and 160: A design/builder may provide instal
Page 161 and 162: 3.2.1.2 Weaknesses of Design/Bid/Bu
Page 163 and 164: The budget can be developed along w
Page 165 and 166: 3.2.3.1 Strengths of Design/Assist
Page 167 and 168: 3.3.1.2 Develop an appropriate surf
Page 169 and 170: 3.3.2.1 Representative Drawings Pla
Page 171 and 172: to related websites. In the case of
Page 173: 4.2.1 Wizards A common type of desi
Page 177 and 178: website acts as a resource in suppo
Page 179 and 180: It is interesting to note that tool
Page 181 and 182: easons, many interactive tutorials
Page 183 and 184: “Human Resources In-house expert
Page 185 and 186: an overall architectural project,
Page 187 and 188: contextual imagery and a general de
Page 189 and 190: 4.5 The Medium 4.5.1 Print Digital
Page 191 and 192: cost ranging from 25 to 50 dollars
Page 193 and 194: Figure 4.8 PowerPoint presentation
Page 195 and 196: 5.1.4 It is conceivable to facilita
Page 197 and 198: Chapter 1 defines structural glass
Page 199 and 200: technology into the mainstream cons
Page 201 and 202: Chapter 6 - Categorization and Orga
Page 203 and 204: Table 6-2 Morphological categorizat
Page 205 and 206: 6.1.2 Definition of Evaluation Crit
Page 207 and 208: measure of the relative ease of des
Page 209 and 210: Material Suppliers and Subcontracto
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Page 215 and 216: much as 20-30 percent. Thus, it is
Page 217 and 218: Figure 6.2 Generalized behavior att
Page 219 and 220: Design Considerations The strongbac
Page 221 and 222: Constructability Fabrication: The c
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Constructability Fabrication: If sp
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square-on-offset-square derived fro
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Glass system interface: Any glass s
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Constructability Fabrication: As di
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Morphology Vertical trusses are ali
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Durability and Maintenance: The con
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Table 6-7 Mast truss attributes. 6.
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problematic, as the structures are
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deflections relative to the façade
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Stability in the cable truss is pro
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Resources and Technology Maturity:
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Installation: Installation is signi
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Design issues: The determination of
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Gymnastics Arena fabric clad tenseg
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Design Considerations Aesthetics: G
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Pre-tension requirements: The cable
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Morphology Cable-hung structures ha
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Glass system interface: The interfa
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Structural Performance Spanning cap
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Structural Efficiency (strength to
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6.2.1 Categorization Scheme Table 6
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6.2.3 Class Comparisons: Applicatio
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Optical Distortion: The heat-treati
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Size Limitation: Viracon, the large
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objective; monolithic panels of low
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equipment. Depending upon these var
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deflections exceed this requirement
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consideration, and should be heat-s
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Transparency Relative transparency
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What follows is a consideration of
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Design issues: These systems must b
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Design Considerations Aesthetics: O
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Constructability Fabrication: All f
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Material Suppliers and Subcontracto
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then treated identically to point-f
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Accommodation of movement: As with
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Geometric flexibility: One of the a
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all-bearing head that provides for
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effectively clamping the glass to t
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Constructability Fabrication: Glass
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For a more sophisticated program us
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lighting costs should also be figur
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Chapter 7 - Tools, Resources, and C
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grid anomalies, and other nonstanda
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7.1 A Simple Case The theory is tha
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7.1.3 Vertical Span / Horizontal Sp
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Figure 7.3 FacadeDesigner.com homep
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The World Wide Web is a unique medi
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Figure 7.5 StructureExplorer Web pa
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This module has not been developed
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deflections. As will be seen, the t
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F af 2 Vm/ryf F y 1- 0.
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F ab 2 Vm/ryb F y 1- 0.
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Calculate front chord stress ratio;
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analysis eliminates the formation o
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Figure 7.9 Dynamic relaxation veloc
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output of the analysis, along with
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Solving for cable force, the additi
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Figure 7.12 FacadeDesigner: select
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Figure 7.13 FacadeDesigner: glass g
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H m = H s / H n V m = V s / V n Or,
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show a vertically oriented glass gr
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FaçadeDesigner is thus linked to S
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elevations, sections and details. T
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inadvertent and unnecessary, and ea
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maximum timeframe. However, the Exp
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Figure 8.2 Introductory page requir
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Figure 8.5 Glass system types are i
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Figure 8.9 Each system type is pres
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application to the AIA/CES to becom
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8.2 Summary The background research
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Long-span façade structures Simpl
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9.1.1 Test Subjects Group A is comp
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The testing of Group A was administ
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Subjective questions 1-5, column 2,
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Table 9-4 Group B, 2nd test results
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Group A 1st Test Correct Respnses I
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y the learning program. This may re
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Group B 1st Test Correct Respnses I
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incorrect responses was 14% in the
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presentation is clearly emboldening
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Figure 9.10 Comparison of group A a
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"Don't Know" Responses by Category;
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Question 10 Tempered glass is
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Group A Incorrect Responses: Change
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This question was answered incorrec
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Perhaps the shift from I-don’t-kn
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Question 14 Glass for point-fixed s
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Please circle one number only for e
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after they were given the presentat
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The average response here fell one
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inclusion in StructureDesigner, and
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V n = number of vertical grid modul
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Table 9-5 Cable net; omparison of t
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H m = horizontal module (ft) H n =
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Table 9-6 Simple truss; comparison
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Chapter 10 - Summary and Conclusion
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pyramid structure when the distribu
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The author is not a Web designer or
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10.2.2 FaçadeDesigner; the Methodo
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Tutorials An objective of FacadeDes
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and load conditions. A testing meth
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The need is for education and resou
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information. Better organization of
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institutions such as the Massachuse
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The important issue of sustainabili
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accommodate application needs from
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10.3.6 Diffusion of Innovation in A
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Bibliography Amato, I 1997. Stuff;
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Cambridge 2000 Gallery 2005. Willis
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Glass skyscraper n.d. Model of glas
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Nardella, M 2007. Interior of Garde
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Seagram Building n.d. Photograph of
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