BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE AIR FORCE ...

AFMAN 11-217V1 3 JANUARY 2005 27
Figure 2.3. Use of Power.
2.4.2. Level Turns. Many of the pitch, bank, and power principles discussed in
maintaining straight and level flight apply while performing level turns. Performing a
level turn requires an understanding of several factors: how to enter the turn, how to
maintain bank, altitude, and airspeed during the turn; and how to recover from the turn.
2.4.2.1. Bank Control. Before entering a turn you should decide upon a bank angle.
Factors to consider are true airspeed and the desired rate of turn. A slow turn rate
may unnecessarily prolong the turn, whereas a high rate of turn may cause
overshooting of the heading and difficulty with pitch control. As a guide for turns of
30° or less (Figure 2.4), the bank angle should approximate the number of degrees to
be turned. For turns of more than 30°, use a bank angle of 30°. High turn airspeeds
or flight manual procedures may require other angles of bank. To enter a turn, you
should refer to the attitude indicator while applying smooth and coordinated control
pressures to establish the desired angle of bank. Bank control should then be
maintained throughout the turn by reference to the attitude indicator. Crosscheck the
heading indicator or turn needle to determine if the angle of bank is satisfactory.
Trim may be helpful during prolonged turns to assist in aircraft control.