BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE AIR FORCE ...

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AFMAN 11-217V1 3 JANUARY 2005
third of the angle of bank. With experience and practice, a consistent rate of
rollout can be developed. A lead point can then be accurately estimated for any
combination of bank angle and rate of turn. Make a note of the rate of movement
of the heading indicator during the turn. Estimate the lead required by comparing
this rate of movement with the angle of bank and the rate of rollout.
4.3.2.2. Altitude Control.
4.3.2.2.1. Techniques. The techniques for maintaining a constant altitude during
a turn are similar to those used in maintaining straight and level flight. During the
initial part of the roll-in, hold the same pitch and power that was used to maintain
altitude with the wings level. As the bank is increased, anticipate a tendency for
the aircraft to lose altitude because of the change in lift vector. Adjust the power
as necessary after referring to the VVI and altimeter. After the turn is established,
small power adjustments may be required to maintain the desired altitude.
4.3.2.2.2. Altitude Gaining. When rolling out of a turn, anticipate a tendency to
gain altitude due to an increase in the vertical component of lift. Therefore, be
aware of this factor, anticipate its effect, and monitor pitch and power during
rollout in the same manner as during roll-in.
4.3.2.3. Airspeed Control. The pitch control techniques for maintaining an airspeed
during a turn are similar to those used during straight and level flight. Anticipate a
tendency for the aircraft to lose airspeed in a turn. Accomplish changes of airspeed
during a turn as described under straight and level flight.
4.3.2.4. Turns to Headings. A turn to a heading (Figure 4.7) consists of a level turn
to a specific heading as read from the heading indicator and is performed at normal
cruise. Turns to specified headings should be made in the shortest direction. The
turn is entered and maintained as described in the level turn maneuver. Since the
aircraft will continue to turn as long as the bank is held, the rollout must be started
before reaching the desired heading. The rollout on a heading is performed in the
same manner as the rollout of the level turn. When the lead point is reached, cyclic
control is applied in the direction opposite the turn.