BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE AIR FORCE ...

AFMAN 11-217V1 3 JANUARY 2005 315
14.3. Radar.
14.3.1. Precision and Surveillance Approaches. There are two basic types of
approaches: the precision approach and the surveillance approach. The precision
approach provides the pilot with precise course, glideslope, and range information; the
surveillance approach provides course and range information and is classified as a
nonprecision approach. Upon request, the controller will provide recommended altitudes
on final to the last whole mile that is at or above the published MDA. Recommended
altitudes are computed from the start descent point to the runway threshold. (At the
MAP, the straight-in surveillance system approach error may be as much as 500 feet from
the runway edges.)
14.3.2. Lost Communications.
14.3.2.1. Backup. In preparation for the radar approach, select a backup approach
that is compatible with the existing weather and your aircraft where available. Be
prepared to fly this approach in the event of radar failure or lost communications. If
you experience lost communications, you are automatically cleared to fly any
published approach unless the controller previously issued a specific lost
communications approach.
14.3.2.2. Contact. Attempt contact with the controlling agency if no transmissions
are received for approximately:
14.3.2.2.1. One minute while being vectored to final,
14.3.2.2.2. Fifteen seconds while on final for an ASR approach, or
14.3.2.2.3. Five seconds while on final for a PAR approach.
14.3.2.3. Backup Approach. If unable to reestablish communications and unable to
maintain VFR, transition to your backup approach. Intercept the approach at the
nearest point that will allow a normal rate of descent and not compromise safety.
Maintain the last assigned altitude or the minimum safe/sector altitude (emergency
safe altitude if more than 25 NM from the facility); whichever is higher, until
established on a segment of the published approach.
14.3.2.4. No Backup Approach. If there are no backup approaches compatible with
the weather or with your aircraft, advise the controller upon initial contact of your
intentions in the event of lost communications. If local conditions dictate, the
controller may specify the approach to fly if you experience lost communications. It
is the pilot's responsibility to determine the adequacy of any issued lost
communications instructions.
14.3.3. Voice Procedures. The radar approach is predicated entirely upon voice
instructions from the approach control or radar controller. Repeat all headings, altitudes
(departing and assigned), and altimeter settings until the final controller advises "do
not acknowledge further transmissions." During high-density radar operations, a
limiting factor is the communication time available. Keep transmissions brief and
specific, commensurate with safety of flight. Never sacrifice aircraft control to
acknowledge receipt of instructions.