MAP-01-011 HFI Technical Guide - Human Factors Integration ...

Annex 3 – HF Techniques, Methods and Toolsthe personnel involved, the technology used and the associatedadvantages and disadvantages.• A CUD output could be very useful in highlighting communicationproblems, their causes and potential solutions.• CUD type analysis seems to be very suited to analysing command andcontrol scenarios.• It appears that the CUD technique could be modified in order to make itmore comprehensive. In particular, a timeline and error occurrence couldbe incorporated into the CUD output table.• Although the CUD technique was developed and originally used intelecommunications, it is a generic technique and could potentially beapplied in any domain involving communication or collaboration.• Disadvantages• Neither time nor error occurrence are catered for by the CUD technique inits current form.• The initial data collection phase of the CUD technique is very timeconsuming and labour intensive, including interviews, observationalanalysis and talk-through analysis.• No validity or reliability data are available for the technique.• Application of the CUD technique appears to be limited.• A team of analysts would be required to conduct a CUD analysis.A3.9.12Social Network AnalysisSocial Network Analysis (SNA) is a technique used to analyse and represent therelationships existing between teams of personnel or social groups. A socialnetwork is a set or team of actors (such as members of a military infantry unit)that possess relationships with one another. The analysis of these relationshipscan be used to demonstrate the different types of relationships, the importanceand the number of relationships within a specified group. SNA utilisesmathematical and graphical procedures to represent relationships within a group.SNA output typically provides a graphical depiction and a mathematical analysisof the relationships exhibited within the group under analysis. For themathematical analysis part of SNA, it is recommended that the concept ofcentrality is rated. Centrality is divided into three components:1. Degree – Represents the number of positions in the group that are in directcontact with the position in question.2. Betweenness – The number of times a position falls between pairs ofpositions in the group.May 2006 Page A3-85 Issue 4