MAP-01-011 HFI Technical Guide - Human Factors Integration ...

Annex 3 – HF Techniques, Methods and Toolsanalysis is conducted for each iteration of the design process and the healthhazards and safety risks are identified and risk reduction measures specified.Current health and safety risks for the class of system can be used as a baselineand existing standards will also supply suitable frameworks and guidance forhealth and safety assessments. The task synthesis, user-equipment design,workstation design, workspace design and the environmental design should eachbe subject to health and safety assessments.Synthetic user modelling, task and role performance modelling and prototypingcan be used to assess safety-critical aspects. Risk reduction measures that areidentified will include changes to the design, procedures and training. Specificsafety features may also be required including, but not limited to those providinguser protection, alerts and warnings, escape and evacuation facilities.Health and safety analysis proceeds throughout the life of the system from theConcept Phase onwards and is a Mandatory activity for all platforms andequipment.• Advantages• Health and Safety Analysis will ensure the well–being of personnel whomay come into contact with the system• An established and proven systematic approach is in place in the form ofJSP 430 [Ref 5].• For large-scale systems, a dedicated Safety Specialist will conduct Healthand Safety Analysis.• Disadvantages• Health and Safety Analysis is resource intensive in terms of time,participants and cost – however is essential and mandatory activity.A3.11.9Layout AnalysisLayout analysis considers the physical disposition of elements within the HMI inrelation to the various functions performed by the HMI components. Whilst thismay influence the placement of entire devices, increasingly its value lies in theorganisation of elements within computer-driven devices, such as VDU displaysand keyboard and touch-screen interfaces.Layout analysis is based on Human Factors theories that model the way in whichhumans process information. As such, where the user must locate information,interpret information, associate and relate separate items of information to form acomposite picture of system state or the prevailing situation, theory indicates thatthese processes will be facilitated by a ‘logical’ grouping of devices and of displayelements that mirrors the user’s ‘mental model’ of the task in hand.The analysis seeks to order and group information and devices first by functionalassociation or commonality of function. The analysis is then refined byMay 2006 Page A3-111 Issue 4