DOE-STD-1090-96, DOE Standard Hoisting and Rigging Manual ...

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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)11.1 GENERALa. The information in this section providesguidance for safely handling lifted loads.Diagrams are used to illustrate hoisting andrigging principles and good and bad riggingpractices. This is not a rigging textbook; theinformation should be applied only by qualifiedriggers.b. Wire rope and slings that have beenirreversibly damaged or removed from serviceshall be made unusable for hoisting and riggingoperations before being discarded.c. Load tables are representative only and arenot exact for all materials or all manufacturers.d. Determine the weight ofthe load:1. From markings on the load.2. By weighing, ifthe load is still on atruck or railroad car.3. From drawings or otherdocumentation.4. By calculation, using the loaddimensions and the weights ofcommon materialsin Table 11-1.e. Determine the center ofgravity ofthe load asaccurately as possible:1. From drawings or otherdocumentation.2. From markings on the load.3. By calculation.f. Determine the best method to attach the loadand select the appropriate lifting devices (e.g.,wire-rope, steel-chain, metal-mesh, orsynthetic-web slings).g. Bending a wire rope over a fixed object suchas a pin or a shackle has an effect on the capacityoftherope: the outside wires and strands ofabend have to stretch farther and therefore take agreater percentage ofthe load.h. There is a convenient method for estimatingthe efficiency ofthe rope as it passes over thebend. This method uses the ratio (R) ofthediameter (D) ofthe object (sheave, pin, comer)about which the wire rope is being bent to thediameter Cd) ofthe rope. The efficiency ofthebend can then be estimated using the formulashown in Figure 11-1. Note that the efficiencydecreases quickly as the ratio ofthe diametersdecreases.i. Aside from efficiency, there are otherreasons to avoid sharp bends in wire rope,including physical damage to the rope, reductionof service life, and damage to the object aboutwhich the rope is bentj. When the ratio ofthe diameter ofthe bend tothe nominal rope diameter (DId ratio) is small, thestrength efficiency factor is lower than when theDid ratio is relatively large. Load tables do nottake into account such factors as abnormaltemperatures, excessive corrosion, and vibration.k Determine the appropriate ratings ofthedevice to be used, allowing for:1. The number ofsling legs-Note that asling leg completely doubled back on itselfconstitutes two sling legs.2. The angle between the horizontalsurface ofthe load and the sling leg-Thesmaller the angle, the smaller the lifting capacityofthe equipment.3. Wear-The reduction in strength ofthe equipment due to normal wear.11-1Chapter 11Wire Rope and Slings
DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-l)Table 11-1. Weights of common materials.Name of metalweightweight(Ib/ft ) Name of material(Ib/ft )Aluminum 166 Bluestone 160Antimony 418 Brick, pressed 150Bismuth 613 Brick, common 125Brass, cast 504 Cement, Portland (packed) 100-120Brass, rolled 523 Cement, Portland (loose) 70-90Copper, cast 550 Cement, slag (packed) 80-100Copper, rolled 555 Cement, slag (loose) 55-75Gold, 24-carat 1,204 Chalk 156Iron, cast 450 Charcoal 15-34Iron, wrought 480 Cinder concrete 110Lead, commercial 712 Clay, ordinary 120-150Mercury, 60 degrees F 846 Coal, hard, solid 93.5Silver 655 Coal, hard, broken ·54Steel 490 Coal, soft, solid 84Tin, cast 458 Coal, soft, broken 54Uranium 1,163 Coke, loose 23-32Zinc 437 Concrete or stone 140-155Earth, rammed 90-100Name of wood Granite 165-170Gravel 117-125Ash 35 Lime, quick (ground loose) 53Beech 37 Limestone 170Birch 40 Marble 164Cedar 22 Plaster of paris (cast) 80Cherry 30 Sand 90-106Chestnut 26 Sandstone 151Cork 15 Shale 162Cypress 27 Slate 160-180Ebony 71 Terra-cotta 110Elm 30 Traprock 170Fir, Balsam 22 Water 65Hemlock 31Maple, Oak 62Pine, Poplar 30Chapter 11Wire Rope and Slings 11-2
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INCH-POUNDDOE STANDARDDOE-STD-1 090
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DISCLAIMERPortions of this document
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)7.5.6 Attach
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)9.2.6.3 Hydr
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-l)11.2.3.1 6 x
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-l)13.4.5 Disco
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)15.4.2 Mobil
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)History and
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)Acknowledgme
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)Introduction
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)CHAPTER 1TER
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)CLOSING LINE
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)END CONTROL:
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LIFT, PREENGINEERED PRODUCTION:Repe
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QUALIFIED ENGINEER/QUALIFIEDENGINEE
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)INTENTIONALL
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)2.2 CRITICAL
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-1)INTENTIONALL
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)3.2 OPERATIO
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)2. Perform a
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)3.4.4 Approv
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)3.6 TRAINING
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)that create
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4.3 OVERHEAD CRANESDOE-STD-I090-96
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)lNTENTIONAIL
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)5.2 HOSTILE
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-l)EXHIBIT IHOS
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6.2 QUALIFICATIONDOE-STD-I090-96 (R
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6.2.5Operators of ForkliftTrucksa.
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)6.3 TRAINING
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-l)24. Records
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6.4 REQUALIFICATIONDOE-STD-I090-96
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-!)Gantry Crane
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)Crane bridge
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)7.2 INSPECTI
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)h. Chain-dri
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)trouble pers
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)7.4 MAINTENA
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)HOIST. With
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)g. Do not lo
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-l). IN1ENTIONA
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-l)EXHIBIT I (c
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)EXHIBIT I (c
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)8.3 TESTING
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)Figure 8-3.
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)8.1.1Operato
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)operating co
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)8.2 INSPECTI
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)2. A number
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DOE-STD-!090-96 (Rev-!)iv.Inspect f
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)8.4 MAINTENA
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)d. Do not op
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)Exhibit I is
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)EXHIBIT I (c
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)9.5.29.5.39.
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12.2 RIGGING HOOKSDOE-STD-I090-96 (
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)2. Heavy ser
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)Typical shac
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)• Shoulder
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12.5 TURNBUCKLESDOE-STD-I090-96 (Re
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12.6 LINKS AND RINGSDOE-STD-I090-96
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)12.7 METAL-P
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)Exhibit I is
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-l)13.2 INSPECT
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)13.3 TESTING
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-l)13.4 NONDEST
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-1)14.4.4.3 Per
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)14.2 STRUCTU
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)14.2.7 Maint
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-!)Four-pad pow
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)14.3.5 Testi
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)14.4 MAGNETS
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)1. External
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)instructed b
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)6. Charging
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DOE-STD-!090-96 (Rev-!)EXHIBIT IPag
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DOE·STD·I090-96 (Rev-I)15.2 DEFIN
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General note for Figures 15-5 throu
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)LIFT, ORDINA
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DOE-STD-1090~96 (Rev-l)Consideratio
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)15.4.2.4 Fre
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)4. Corroded
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)attention to
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)b. Test load
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DOE-STD-!090-96 (Rev-!)regardless Q
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-1)EMERGENCY ST
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)so by an app
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)Figure 15-13
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)include the
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-l)the platform
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)h. Report an
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DOE-STD-!090-96 (Rev-!)fRAISE THE T
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DOE-STD-I090-96 (Rev-I)h. Provide 4
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DOE-STD-1090-96 (Rev-l)ASME B56.7,
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