Through the Eras

Chronology of World Events1158–1027 The Second Dynasty of Isin, an ancientcity located in southern Mesopotamia, isestablished by Marduk-kabit-ahheshu.1150 The Olmec of southern Mexico, livingalong the coast of the Gulf of Mexico,begin carving large stone heads, some astall as nine feet, that appear to wear helmets.The Olmec also produce beautifulpottery and jewelry.1115–1077 Assyrian king Tiglath-pileser I defeats theMushki and the small Hurrian states ofsouthern Armenia. He spreads Assyrianpower into the lands around the MediterraneanSea and fights against Babylonia,eventually plundering the capital.1075–945 The Twenty-first Dynasty with a capitalat Tanis in the Delta includes seven rulers.The first ruler, Smendes, sends the officialof the god Amun named Wenamunto Lebanon to purchase wood for a boatfor the god and meets numerous difficultiesthat may illustrate Egypt’s decline inthe world at this time.1074–1057 King Ashur-bel-kala of Assyria, the son ofTiglath-pileser I, continues Assyrian warfareagainst the Aramaeans and Babylonians,although his empire is unstable.1050–1032 Ashurnasirpal I, the brother of Ashurbel-kalaand new king, fights defensiveactions against the enemies of Assyria.1025 The Greek Geometric Period producesart based on geometric patterns on vases.They also produce bronze statues of humanfigures composed of triangles andrectangles.1000–612 The Neo-Assyrian empire controls Mesopotamia.1000 Saul, the first king of the United Monarchyof Israel and Judah, defends his landsagainst the Philistines. He is killed at thebattle of Mount Gilboa.1000–960 David, who succeeds Saul as king of theUnited Monarchy, conquers Jerusalem.960–932 Solomon, the son of Bathsheba and David,becomes king of the United Monarchy ofIsrael and Judah. He makes Palestine atrading center and constructs the Templeof Jerusalem.945–712 Ten rulers control Lower Egypt from theDelta city of Bubastis.932–911 Jeroboam I of Israel, who had plottedagainst Solomon and Rehoboam, returnsfrom exile and becomes king of the northerntribes. He makes his capital in Shechemin northern Israel.931–915 Rehoboam, the son of Solomon, becomesking of Judah only to see Jeroboam withdrawthe northern tribes. He then facesan invasion by the Egyptians.915–913 Abijah, the son of Rehoboam, becomesthe second king of Judah.913–873 Asa, the son of Abijah, becomes king ofJudah and purges his country of opposingreligious cults.911–910 Nadab, the son of Jeroboam I, becomesking of Israel.910–887 Upon Nadab’s death, Baasha becomesking of Israel and attacks Judah.900–331 Syria-Palestine is in the sphere of influenceof Assyria, Babylon, and Persia. TheNapatan kings, named for the city in Sudanwhere the Egyptian governors ruled,control Nubia.887–886 Elah, the son of Baasha, rules over Israeluntil he is assassinated in a palace coupd’état.886–875 After defeating a rival claimant to thethrone, Omri becomes the king of Israel.The Moabites, a people living around theDead Sea, are subjugated.886 Zimri, one of the generals who killedElah, takes over the leadership of Israel.883–859 The Assyrian king Ashurnairpal II rulesMesopotamia, reestablishing the formersupremacy of the empire. He makes hisArts and Humanities Through the Eras: Ancient Egypt (2675 B.C.E.–332 B.C.E.)xxi