UGANDA

COMPENDIUM OF CONFLICTS IN UGANDA
Though the NRA initially aimed to overthrow President Milton Obote, the insurgency
continued after Obote’s own generals staged a coup, installing Tito Okello as the
chairman of a Military Council in 1985. When the forces led by Okello and those led by
Museveni failed to reconcile at the protracted
Nairobi Peace Talks,
Museveni set the fragile Nairobi Peace Agreement aside in
favour of a renewed military offensive. Especially in the northern districts, participants
emphasised Museveni’s loss of credibility resulting from this decision. After his victory,
the NRA replaced the UNLA as the national army.
Participants from several districts emphasised the widespread instability that followed
the NRA takeover, especially in the northern and eastern regions of the country. Many
defeated UNLA soldiers fled to their homes in the Acholi and Langi districts and were then
targeted by pursuing NRA forces, purportedly as revenge for atrocities committed by the
UNLA in the Luwero Triangle during the Bush War. In response, the UNLA attempted to
reorganize as the Uganda People’s Democratic Army (UPDA), but were ultimately forced
to retreat into Sudan or broke off into splinter groups throughout the North. Although
many of the UPDA soldiers ultimately supported the Pece Peace Accord signed with the
NRA on 3 June 1988, some opted to join other emerging insurgencies such as the Holy
Spirit Movement (HSM) and later the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA).
In addition to the HSM and the LRA, rebel groups such as Force Obote Back Again (FOBA),
the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) and the Uganda People’s Army (UPA) also added
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