UGANDA

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COMPENDIUM OF CONFLICTS IN <strong>UGANDA</strong> One participant in Kitgum said; “President Museveni made a deliberate effort to subdue the people of Acholi. Rule the people well by making them poor. This is reflected by allowing the Karimojong to take away our cattle.” This policy, according to participants in the north, led to a division between the north and south in terms of development. 15 According to a participant, “When you cross Karuma Bridge, you enter in the home of poverty.” INTER-LINKED POLITICAL, ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS DIVISIONS 15 For more information, see conflict number 7 in this Compendium 18
THEMATIC ISSUES Participants considered political, ethnic and religious divisions in society to be interlinked, and another outcome of the colonial divide and rule policy. The development of Pre-Independence political parties, allegedly stimulated by the British, tended to be along both ethnic and religious lines; the first political party to be formed was the Uganda National Congress (UNC) in 1952, with a predominantly Baganda leadership and Protestant membership. The Democratic Party (DP), formed in 1954 and initially Buganda based, was by contrast predominantly Catholic. Ethnic divisions continued to pervade early political party formation in Uganda with an element of “anti-Bugandanism” introduced in 1958 by the Uganda People’s Union (UPU). The UPU was formed by established leaders outside the districts of Buganda sitting in Legco. 16 Three factions of the UNC waged war on each other until March 1960 when one wing of the UNC merged with the UPU to form the Uganda Peoples Congress (UPC) led by Obote. 17 Divisions amongst political, ethnic and religious lines were influenced during the Lancaster Constitutional Conference in London in 1961. The Buganda delegation was led by Amos Sempa, who was against the Obote led UPC. However, Lord Carrington of the British Home Office reportedly told him during the Conference “Amos, we are aware that you do not like Obote, but the Crown likes him. This means you have no choice but to go with Obote.” 2 Lord Carrington also said that in the history of the British Empire, authorities had never handed over power to a non-Protestant and that Uganda was not going to be an exception. This unequivocal position by the British would largely determine the Ugandan post-colonial political landscape. 3 The formation of the Baganda Kabaka Yekka (“Only the King”) party in 1961 split the Baganda between royalists who supported Baganda federalism (voting for Kabaka Yekka) and anti-royalists who were in support of a democratic and unitary nation state (voting for the DP). CONFLICT BETWEEN TRADITION AND MODERNITY Colonialism introduced an abrupt break with the past. Uganda’s subjugation by the British and the arrival of new systems, norms and technologies introduced a tension between ‘tradition’ and ‘modernity’. Participants referred to the introduction of ‘the new’ or ‘modern’ as an “erosion of cultural values”, or “moral degeneration”. It was said that colonialists and missionaries destroyed traditional institutions and values. The introduction of money and foreign religion provoked the most fundamental departures from traditional ways of life. Money was considered to set the stage for greed and conflict over land ownership. In Acholiland, for example, land was 16 Legco is short for the Uganda Legislative Council, the predecessor of the National Assembly of Uganda before Uganda gained Independence 17 In 1988, the President appointed Betty Bigombe as Minister of State for Pacification of Northern Uganda to his Cabinet. This has been noted by some as an indication that while the NRM focused on “pacifying” the north of Uganda, it focused on “development” for the rest of the country 19
Page 1 and 2: COMPENDIUM OF CONFLICTS IN UGANDA F
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are most gratef
Page 5 and 6: LIST OF ACRONYMS ADF - Allied Democ
Page 7 and 8: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS FOREWORD LIST OF A
Page 9 and 10: 30. Buganda Riots (2009) 98 31. Mab
Page 11 and 12: 84. Holy Spirit Mobile Forces/Holy
Page 13 and 14: Amnesty 240 Perceived Benefits 241
Page 15 and 16: INTRODUCTION CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTI
Page 17 and 18: INTRODUCTION needs which linger in
Page 19 and 20: INTRODUCTION 2. To identify and ass
Page 21 and 22: 7 INTRODUCTION
Page 23 and 24: PART 2: LOOKING FORWARD INTRODUCTIO
Page 25 and 26: INTRODUCTION on perspectives and op
Page 27 and 28: THEMATIC ISSUES CHAPTER CROSS-CUTTI
Page 29 and 30: 15 THEMATIC ISSUES conflict between
Page 31: that the British, during different
Page 35 and 36: THEMATIC ISSUES are favoured by the
Page 37 and 38: 23 THEMATIC ISSUES People had no re
Page 39 and 40: THEMATIC ISSUES particular from DRC
Page 41 and 42: THEMATIC ISSUES Case study: mass di
Page 43 and 44: THEMATIC ISSUES UPDF soldiers were
Page 45 and 46: THEMATIC ISSUES single focus groups
Page 47 and 48: THEMATIC ISSUES then the buyer is e
Page 49 and 50: THEMATIC ISSUES between Adjumani an
Page 51 and 52: THEMATIC ISSUES More recent conflic
Page 53 and 54: THEMATIC ISSUES It was further argu
Page 55 and 56: THEMATIC ISSUES during the war were
Page 57 and 58: THEMATIC ISSUES many others respect
Page 59 and 60: THEMATIC ISSUES Impacts of the conf
Page 61 and 62: jobless. These were the first victi
Page 63 and 64: THEMATIC ISSUES as being a ‘divid
Page 65 and 66: THEMATIC ISSUES complained that thi
Page 67 and 68: “That is when [Obote] started usi
Page 69 and 70: THEMATIC ISSUES soldiers and insurg
Page 71 and 72: THEMATIC ISSUES lack of peace canno
Page 73 and 74: Participants looked at the problem
Page 75 and 76: NATIONAL CONFLICTS CHAPTER NATIONAL
Page 77 and 78: NATIONAL CONFLICTS LICT TIMELINE rt
Page 79 and 80: NATIONAL CONFLICTS Uganda as Britis
Page 81 and 82: NATIONAL CONFLICTS families members
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS PHASE II: Clash
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This sentiment resembles a motion p
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS also strained re
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS pre-Independence
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was never carried out. NATIONAL CON
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS 1971, Amin took
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS participants fro
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19. Liberation War to Overthrow Ami
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS Conference in 19
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government. NATIONAL CONFLICTS The
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS that people from
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS 23. National Res
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS to the insecurit
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are just there to take instruction?
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS by mid-1998 the
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS Mutebi II’s pl
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS who claimed that
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS people and injur
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS lives. In 2011,
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36. Theft and robbery (Ongoing) NAT
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS CHAPTER NORTHERN
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ONFLICT TIMELINE NORTHERN CONFLICTS
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WEST NILE NORTHERN CONFLICTS The Co
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS in Zaire and sou
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS reportedly encou
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS After Tito Okell
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS opportunities in
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS by the United Na
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS Major Noah Talib
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS It is further al
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KARAMOJA NORTHERN CONFLICTS The Com
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS continue to have
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS 52. NRA/UPDF vs
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ACHOLILAND NORTHERN CONFLICTS The c
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS This discord is
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS During this atte
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS 57. The Uganda P
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new constitution. 313 NORTHERN CONF
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61. Karimojong/NRA raids (1989 - pr
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS of former Uganda
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS committed by the
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS more conventiona
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS by and did nothi
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS “With the alar
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS others forgot th
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Lango Sub - Region 159
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS During Obote’s
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS was hard to come
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EASTERN CONFLICTS CHAPTER EASTERN R
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EASTERN CONFLICTS CONFLICT TIMELINE
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EASTERN CONFLICTS conflict with nei
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EASTERN CONFLICTS no concrete steps
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EASTERN CONFLICTS In the Shana’s
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One comprehensive account of the Te
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EASTERN CONFLICTS believed that FOB
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EASTERN CONFLICTS led by Peter Otai
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EASTERN CONFLICTS population they o
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EASTERN CONFLICTS militia received
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WESTERN CONFLICTS CHAPTER WESTERN R
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WESTERN CONFLICTS ONFLICT TIMELINE
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WESTERN CONFLICTS military support
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191 WESTERN CONFLICTS
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WESTERN CONFLICTS infections are pr
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fought by the Bakonzo and Baamba et
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eventual intervention saw a relocat
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199 WESTERN CONFLICTS
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CONFLICT IN THE ANKOLE REGION WESTE
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WESTERN CONFLICTS posited that the
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WESTERN CONFLICTS 103. Land Conflic
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WESTERN CONFLICTS million barrels o
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WESTERN CONFLICTS The conflict betw
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CENTRAL CONFLICTS CHAPTER SEVEN CEN
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CENTRAL CONFLICTS CONFLICT TIMELINE
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The Counties of Buganda CENTRAL CON
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CENTRAL CONFLICTS issue remains a t
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CENTRAL CONFLICTS 1966 crisis. The
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115. The Call for Federo in Buganda
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CENTRAL CONFLICTS include these cla
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119. Uganda Freedom Movement (1980
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CENTRAL CONFLICTS Kakoza’s group
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CENTRAL CONFLICTS that while the NR
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TJ MECHANISMS CHAPTER TRANSITIONAL
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TJ MECHANISMS impunity through mech
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TJ MECHANISMS is an increase in inc
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The Challenges for Reconciliation T
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TJ MECHANISMS past harms could be a
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TJ MECHANISMS Commission, from 2000
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TJ MECHANISMS Way Forward Overall,
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TJ MECHANISMS and economic abuses t
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TJ MECHANISMS “Justice has not be
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TJ MECHANISMS law, especially relat
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elated to human rights violations a
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TJ MECHANISMS The Agreement provide
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econstituted. 670 TJ MECHANISMS Per
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TJ MECHANISMS Complementarity with
Page 273 and 274:
who have received compensation. 711
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TJ MECHANISMS therapeutic services
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TJ MECHANISMS youth, which leads to
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TJ MECHANISMS peaceful future. 770
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TJ MECHANISMS The second category o
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TJ MECHANISMS equitably to all regi
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TJ MECHANISMS Parliament Recommenda
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TJ MECHANISMS Education In the educ
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TJ MECHANISMS drought or flooding c
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277
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8. The Bill is based on the princip
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has powers to co-opt experts in hum
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Schedule three deals with oaths of
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A Bill for an Act ENTITLED THE NATI
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6. Selection Committee (1) Parliame
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ased on factual and objective infor
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15. Executive Secretary (1) The Exe
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take into account - (a) the nature
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34. Commission to be self-accountin
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(4) The Commission shall publish a
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Commission, the Inter Religious Cou
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301
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Commission of Inquiry into the Disa
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ANNEX 3: LIST OF PICTURES Chapter 1
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20. NRA rebel leader Yoweri Museven
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Bulambuli District [Vision Group] 3
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ANNEX 4: INDEX Abolition of Kingdom
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238, 239, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245,
Page 329 and 330:
57, 58, 60, 76, 80, 89, 90, 91, 92,
Page 331 and 332:
317
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UGANDA

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