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COMPENDIUM OF CONFLICTS IN <strong>UGANDA</strong> anti-Government conflicts for decades to come, not only for Rwenzururu Movement, but also the National Army for the Liberation of Uganda (NALU) and the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) (all elaborated on below). However, with the reinstatement of Kingdoms was in 2007 and the waning of Batooro subjugation, some groups began to object to the idea of an “Obusinga Wa Rwenzururu,” or Rwenzururu Kingdom as an imposition of the Bakonzo-Baamba alone. 422 Subsequently, the Baamba also distanced themselves from the Rwenzururu Kingdom, claiming the Kingdom only represents the Bakonzo. An elderly participant stated that: “The Baamba and Bakonzo did not come to a common understanding on the Obusinga. The Babwisi were furthermore excluded in the Constitution of the Obusinga and the process was top-down, captured by some elite.” He added that it is not appropriate for the Bakonzo to subject the Baamba to the Obusinga due to mere geography, instead of cultural and ethnic considerations. Both the Baamba and the Babwisi reject the idea that the armed struggle of the Rwenzururu Movement that started in the 1960s (for a description of this conflict see below) was truly about the restoration of the Obusinga. Instead, participants claimed that the true intentions of the movement were to counter Batooro policies of suppression and exploitation that targeted both the Baamba and Babwisi. 93. Marginalisation of Batwa ethnic community (pre-colonial era - present) The Batwa ethnic community in the region has experienced a history of entrenched marginalisation. The current population in Bundibugyo district numbers a mere 96 Batwa individuals. 423 Although the marginalisation of the Batwa appears to exist wherever they reside, their marginalisation is particularly clear in Bundibugyo district where they live side-by-side with the Baamba and Bakonzo. The Batwa experience varying degrees of exclusion in terms of accessing social amenities. For instance, at schools, Batwa children are sometimes chased away by the other students because they are considered ‘dirty’. One Batwa stated that “our children are chased away by other children as being smelly. This has made them abandon school.” 424 They are also ridiculed by the community because of their perceived short stature. Batwa women have been victims of sexual violence perpetrated by men from other ethnic groups in Bundibugyo. Strong community perceptions exist that the Batwa women are a ‘medicine’ to cure backaches through ‘sexual therapy’. One participant remarked that “When you sleep with a Mutwa woman you feel your back healing, in case you have a problem with your back.” 425 As a result, HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted 422 Research conducted in Bundibugyo District 423 Research conducted in Bundibugyo District (key informant interview with Batwa elder) 424 Research conducted in Bundibugyo District 425 Ibid 192
WESTERN CONFLICTS infections are prevalent in the Batwa community. Coupled with exclusion from social services and environmental adaptation difficulties, this accounts for the near extinction of the Batwa ethnic group in Bundibugyo. 94. Struggle by the Bakonzo and Baamba for their own district (1961 -1974) The continued subjugation of the Baamba and Bakonzo communities led to the formation of the Rwenzururu Movement in 1961. During the period of an interim self-rule government, led by Ben Kiwanuka, the Bakonzo and Baamba wrote the first Rwenzururu Memorandum, demanding the creation of Rwenzururu district (in what are now Kasese, Bundibugyo and Ntoroko districts). They began by summarizing the findings that the Bakonzo Life History Research Society had generated. “From time immemorial,” they wrote, “[Bakonzo people] were the true 193
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COMPENDIUM OF CONFLICTS IN UGANDA F
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are most gratef
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LIST OF ACRONYMS ADF - Allied Democ
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS FOREWORD LIST OF A
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30. Buganda Riots (2009) 98 31. Mab
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84. Holy Spirit Mobile Forces/Holy
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Amnesty 240 Perceived Benefits 241
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INTRODUCTION CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTI
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INTRODUCTION needs which linger in
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INTRODUCTION 2. To identify and ass
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7 INTRODUCTION
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PART 2: LOOKING FORWARD INTRODUCTIO
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INTRODUCTION on perspectives and op
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THEMATIC ISSUES CHAPTER CROSS-CUTTI
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15 THEMATIC ISSUES conflict between
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that the British, during different
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THEMATIC ISSUES Participants consid
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THEMATIC ISSUES are favoured by the
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23 THEMATIC ISSUES People had no re
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THEMATIC ISSUES particular from DRC
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THEMATIC ISSUES Case study: mass di
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THEMATIC ISSUES UPDF soldiers were
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THEMATIC ISSUES single focus groups
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THEMATIC ISSUES then the buyer is e
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THEMATIC ISSUES between Adjumani an
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THEMATIC ISSUES More recent conflic
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THEMATIC ISSUES It was further argu
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THEMATIC ISSUES during the war were
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THEMATIC ISSUES many others respect
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THEMATIC ISSUES Impacts of the conf
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jobless. These were the first victi
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THEMATIC ISSUES as being a ‘divid
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THEMATIC ISSUES complained that thi
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“That is when [Obote] started usi
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THEMATIC ISSUES soldiers and insurg
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THEMATIC ISSUES lack of peace canno
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Participants looked at the problem
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS CHAPTER NATIONAL
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS LICT TIMELINE rt
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS Uganda as Britis
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS families members
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS PHASE II: Clash
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This sentiment resembles a motion p
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS also strained re
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS pre-Independence
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was never carried out. NATIONAL CON
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS 1971, Amin took
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS participants fro
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19. Liberation War to Overthrow Ami
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS Conference in 19
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government. NATIONAL CONFLICTS The
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS that people from
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS 23. National Res
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS to the insecurit
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are just there to take instruction?
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS by mid-1998 the
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS Mutebi II’s pl
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS who claimed that
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS people and injur
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS lives. In 2011,
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36. Theft and robbery (Ongoing) NAT
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS CHAPTER NORTHERN
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ONFLICT TIMELINE NORTHERN CONFLICTS
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WEST NILE NORTHERN CONFLICTS The Co
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS in Zaire and sou
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS reportedly encou
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS After Tito Okell
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS opportunities in
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS by the United Na
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS Major Noah Talib
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS It is further al
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KARAMOJA NORTHERN CONFLICTS The Com
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS continue to have
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS 52. NRA/UPDF vs
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ACHOLILAND NORTHERN CONFLICTS The c
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS This discord is
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS During this atte
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Page 157 and 158: new constitution. 313 NORTHERN CONF
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Page 165 and 166: NORTHERN CONFLICTS more conventiona
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Page 179 and 180: EASTERN CONFLICTS CHAPTER EASTERN R
Page 181 and 182: EASTERN CONFLICTS CONFLICT TIMELINE
Page 183 and 184: EASTERN CONFLICTS conflict with nei
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Page 203 and 204: WESTERN CONFLICTS military support
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Page 209 and 210: fought by the Bakonzo and Baamba et
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Page 229 and 230: The Counties of Buganda CENTRAL CON
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Page 235 and 236: 115. The Call for Federo in Buganda
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Page 241 and 242: CENTRAL CONFLICTS Kakoza’s group
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Page 245 and 246: TJ MECHANISMS CHAPTER TRANSITIONAL
Page 247 and 248: TJ MECHANISMS impunity through mech
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Page 251 and 252: The Challenges for Reconciliation T
Page 253 and 254: TJ MECHANISMS past harms could be a
Page 255 and 256: TJ MECHANISMS Commission, from 2000
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TJ MECHANISMS Way Forward Overall,
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TJ MECHANISMS and economic abuses t
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TJ MECHANISMS “Justice has not be
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TJ MECHANISMS law, especially relat
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elated to human rights violations a
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TJ MECHANISMS The Agreement provide
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econstituted. 670 TJ MECHANISMS Per
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TJ MECHANISMS Complementarity with
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who have received compensation. 711
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TJ MECHANISMS therapeutic services
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TJ MECHANISMS youth, which leads to
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TJ MECHANISMS peaceful future. 770
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TJ MECHANISMS The second category o
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TJ MECHANISMS equitably to all regi
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TJ MECHANISMS Parliament Recommenda
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TJ MECHANISMS Education In the educ
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TJ MECHANISMS drought or flooding c
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277
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8. The Bill is based on the princip
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has powers to co-opt experts in hum
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Schedule three deals with oaths of
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A Bill for an Act ENTITLED THE NATI
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6. Selection Committee (1) Parliame
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ased on factual and objective infor
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15. Executive Secretary (1) The Exe
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take into account - (a) the nature
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34. Commission to be self-accountin
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(4) The Commission shall publish a
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Commission, the Inter Religious Cou
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301
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Commission of Inquiry into the Disa
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ANNEX 3: LIST OF PICTURES Chapter 1
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20. NRA rebel leader Yoweri Museven
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Bulambuli District [Vision Group] 3
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ANNEX 4: INDEX Abolition of Kingdom
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238, 239, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245,
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57, 58, 60, 76, 80, 89, 90, 91, 92,
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317
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UGANDA

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