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COMPENDIUM OF CONFLICTS IN <strong>UGANDA</strong> 102. Conflict between refugees from Rwanda/DRC and locals over land (1994 – present) The 1994 Rwandan genocide has directly affected western Uganda, as many displaced Rwandans crossed the Uganda-Rwanda border seeking refuge. In the years that followed, many of these refugees became permanent residents of the area, and remain settled in the region today. A number of land conflicts involve refugees from Rwanda and the DR Congo, for example in Kamwenge and Isingiro Districts. 453 453 Research conducted in Mbarara District 204
WESTERN CONFLICTS 103. Land Conflict between Bakiga and Banyoro in Kibale District (1966 – present) The Bakiga migrated from Kigezi in south western Uganda to Kibale District in 1966. This mass-migration was the result of a Government policy that sought to decongest the over-populated Kigezi through assisted migration of the Bakiga to the, at the time, sparsely populated Bunyoro. Since 2001, these immigrants have featured prominently in conflicts with the indigenous Banyoro over ownership of land and district leadership. 454 The Banyoro claim that following their arrival, the Bakiga encroached on ancestral Banyoro land, rather than staying on the land to which the Government had resettled them. They also claim that the Bakiga have been ‘imposed on them’ by top politicians in Government. 455 Participants argued that the problem between Bakiga and Banyoro in Kibale is an ‘imposed problem’; it is not that the Banyoro hate the Bakiga, but that ‘somebody’ or ‘a group of people’ have been ferrying Bakiga into the area to acquire land and settle. Participants said that the problem has been compounded by the fact that Bakiga votes now outnumber those of the Banyoro in Kibale. 456 As a result the Bakiga have taken over political leadership in the area even though the Banyoro consider these Bakigas mere ‘immigrants’ (‘bafuruki’) who have overstayed their welcome. 457 104. Land conflicts in Kasese (1980s – present) There are numerous inter-community land conflicts, especially between the Bakonzo ‘natives’ and Basongora ‘immigrants’. These land conflicts are particularly prevalent in Ibuga, Nyakatonzi, Kiburara, Kishasha and Rwahingo, as well as Bigando in Hima Town Council and in the corridors of Mount Rwenzori and Queen Elizabeth National Park. Participants stated that they face problems with foreigners engaging in land grabbing. 458 These areas are predominantly Basongora (traditionally cattle keepers) and Bakiga migrants (traditionally cultivators). The areas mentioned are all lowland, stretching alongside game reserves and Queen Elisabeth National Park. The gazetting of the lowlands as wildlife conservation areas took away community land from the Bakonzo who are now restricted to a small corridor of land between the game reserve and the Rwenzori mountain ranges. 459 This also explains the present tension regarding the demand of the Basongora for an autonomous Busungora Kingdom as well as for a new district to be carved out of Kasese, and to be referred to as ‘Busongora’. Some of the Bakonjo, however, insist that the new Kingdom would fall under the jurisdiction of the Rwenzururu Kingdom. 460 454 Research conducted in Hoima District 455 New Vision Archive. (2006) Banyoro-Bakiga wrangle: time bomb in Kibale? New Vision, [Internet], 12 March. Available from: [Accessed 22 April 2012] 456 Ibid 457 Ibid 458 Research conducted in Kasese District 459 Ibid 460 Ibid 205
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COMPENDIUM OF CONFLICTS IN UGANDA F
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are most gratef
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LIST OF ACRONYMS ADF - Allied Democ
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS FOREWORD LIST OF A
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30. Buganda Riots (2009) 98 31. Mab
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84. Holy Spirit Mobile Forces/Holy
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Amnesty 240 Perceived Benefits 241
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INTRODUCTION CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTI
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INTRODUCTION needs which linger in
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INTRODUCTION 2. To identify and ass
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7 INTRODUCTION
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PART 2: LOOKING FORWARD INTRODUCTIO
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INTRODUCTION on perspectives and op
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THEMATIC ISSUES CHAPTER CROSS-CUTTI
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15 THEMATIC ISSUES conflict between
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that the British, during different
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THEMATIC ISSUES Participants consid
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THEMATIC ISSUES are favoured by the
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23 THEMATIC ISSUES People had no re
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THEMATIC ISSUES particular from DRC
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THEMATIC ISSUES Case study: mass di
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THEMATIC ISSUES UPDF soldiers were
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THEMATIC ISSUES single focus groups
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THEMATIC ISSUES then the buyer is e
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THEMATIC ISSUES between Adjumani an
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THEMATIC ISSUES More recent conflic
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THEMATIC ISSUES It was further argu
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THEMATIC ISSUES during the war were
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THEMATIC ISSUES many others respect
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THEMATIC ISSUES Impacts of the conf
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jobless. These were the first victi
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THEMATIC ISSUES as being a ‘divid
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THEMATIC ISSUES complained that thi
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“That is when [Obote] started usi
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THEMATIC ISSUES soldiers and insurg
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THEMATIC ISSUES lack of peace canno
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Participants looked at the problem
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS CHAPTER NATIONAL
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS LICT TIMELINE rt
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS Uganda as Britis
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS families members
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS PHASE II: Clash
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This sentiment resembles a motion p
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS also strained re
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS pre-Independence
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was never carried out. NATIONAL CON
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS 1971, Amin took
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS participants fro
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19. Liberation War to Overthrow Ami
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS Conference in 19
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government. NATIONAL CONFLICTS The
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS that people from
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS 23. National Res
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS to the insecurit
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are just there to take instruction?
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS by mid-1998 the
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS Mutebi II’s pl
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS who claimed that
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS people and injur
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NATIONAL CONFLICTS lives. In 2011,
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36. Theft and robbery (Ongoing) NAT
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS CHAPTER NORTHERN
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ONFLICT TIMELINE NORTHERN CONFLICTS
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WEST NILE NORTHERN CONFLICTS The Co
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS in Zaire and sou
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS reportedly encou
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS After Tito Okell
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS opportunities in
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS by the United Na
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS Major Noah Talib
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS It is further al
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KARAMOJA NORTHERN CONFLICTS The Com
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS continue to have
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS 52. NRA/UPDF vs
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ACHOLILAND NORTHERN CONFLICTS The c
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS This discord is
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS During this atte
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS 57. The Uganda P
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new constitution. 313 NORTHERN CONF
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61. Karimojong/NRA raids (1989 - pr
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS of former Uganda
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS committed by the
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NORTHERN CONFLICTS more conventiona
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Page 203 and 204: WESTERN CONFLICTS military support
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Page 225 and 226: CENTRAL CONFLICTS CHAPTER SEVEN CEN
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Page 229 and 230: The Counties of Buganda CENTRAL CON
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Page 235 and 236: 115. The Call for Federo in Buganda
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Page 245 and 246: TJ MECHANISMS CHAPTER TRANSITIONAL
Page 247 and 248: TJ MECHANISMS impunity through mech
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Page 251 and 252: The Challenges for Reconciliation T
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Page 255 and 256: TJ MECHANISMS Commission, from 2000
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econstituted. 670 TJ MECHANISMS Per
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TJ MECHANISMS Complementarity with
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who have received compensation. 711
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TJ MECHANISMS therapeutic services
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TJ MECHANISMS youth, which leads to
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TJ MECHANISMS peaceful future. 770
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TJ MECHANISMS The second category o
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TJ MECHANISMS equitably to all regi
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TJ MECHANISMS Parliament Recommenda
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TJ MECHANISMS Education In the educ
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TJ MECHANISMS drought or flooding c
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277
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8. The Bill is based on the princip
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has powers to co-opt experts in hum
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Schedule three deals with oaths of
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A Bill for an Act ENTITLED THE NATI
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6. Selection Committee (1) Parliame
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ased on factual and objective infor
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15. Executive Secretary (1) The Exe
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take into account - (a) the nature
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34. Commission to be self-accountin
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(4) The Commission shall publish a
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Commission, the Inter Religious Cou
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301
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Commission of Inquiry into the Disa
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ANNEX 3: LIST OF PICTURES Chapter 1
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20. NRA rebel leader Yoweri Museven
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Bulambuli District [Vision Group] 3
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ANNEX 4: INDEX Abolition of Kingdom
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238, 239, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245,
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57, 58, 60, 76, 80, 89, 90, 91, 92,
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317
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UGANDA

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