DR Medhat MRCP

Classification of renal diseases
I.
According to the affected part (= Anatomical)
1) Reno-parenchymatous diseases:
A) Glomerular diseases (glomerulopathies):
According to aetiology: ( 1ry & 2ndry glomerulopathy).
According to onset & course :
- Acute GN ( over hours – days)
- Subacute GN (rapidly progressive)(over days-weeks)
- Chronic GN (over months-years)
According to percentage of injured glomeruli :
- Focal GN (i.e injury of less than 50% of total glomeruli).
- Diffuse GN (i.e injury of more than 50% of total glomeruli).
According to percentage of injured capillaries in the same glomerulus:
- Segmental (i.e less than 50% of capillaries are injured)
- Global (i.e more than 50% of capillaries are injured)
According to pathological response to injury:
- Proliferative GN (i.e hypercellularity of mesangeal,endothelial or epith. cells).
- Non-proliferative GN : one of the following
• Fusion of podocytic foot processes .
• Thickening of glomerular basement membrane .
• Inflammatory cell infiltration with exudation & glomerular swelling.
• Glomerulosclerosis.
According to clinical presentation :
- Acute nephritic syndrome.
- Rapidly progressive GN (RPGN).
- Nephrotic syndrome.
- Asymptomatic hematuria &/or proteinuria.
- Recurrent gross hematuria.
- Acute renal failure (= acute kidney injury), Chronic renal failure (CKD).
B) Renal tubular diseases:
Diseases of proximal tubules :
- Renal glycosuria (sugar).
- Renal amino aciduria (amino acids). - Fanconi syndrome.
- Type II renal tubular acidosis( bicarbonates).
- Vit D resistant rickets (phosphate transport defect).
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