BAKER HUGHES - Drilling Fluids Reference Manual

Baker Hughes Drilling Fluids
5. Rinse electrode with distilled water and blot dry between each test.
Note:
Should your concentration readings be greater than 100, you may have forgotten to add
buffer..
Table 3-28
Fluoride Electrode Correlation Chart
12
10
Fresh Water Mud
ALPLEX, ppb
8
6
4
2
Saturated Salt Mud
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Fluoride Electrode Reading
Saturated Salt Curve Should Be Used When NaCl Concentration >18%
Example
1. Fresh water mud system is being
2. 0.5 ml of sample is
3. Concentration reading is equal to 47
4. Residual Alplex concentration is equal to 6
PERFORMAX SM – High Performance Water Base Mud
Introduction
The introduction of cloud point glycols (AQUA-DRILL), aluminum complexes (ALPLEX) and
finally sealing polymers (MAX-SHIELD and PERFORMAX) by Baker Hughes Drilling Fluids
has greatly improved the osmotic effectiveness of water-based drilling fluids. Recent laboratory
tests have demonstrated that some polymer emulsions exhibit a synergic effect with aluminum
complexes, resulting in improved Pore Pressure Transmission (PPT) performance.
Drilling shales can result in a variety of problems from washout to complete hole collapse. Shales
make up over 75% of drilled formations and over 70-90% of borehole problems are related to
shale instability. Traditionally, oil-based muds (OBM) are the preferred choice for drilling
argillaceous formations. Their application has been justified on the basis of borehole stability,
penetration rate, filtration control, filter cake quality, lubricity, and temperature stability. As
environmental regulations have restricted the use of diesel and mineral oil-based muds, synthetic
and ester-based biodegradable invert emulsion drilling fluids were introduced in the 90’s.
Baker Hughes Drilling Fluids
Reference Manual
Revised 2006 3-93